--- title: Studies of grey squirrels found that when another squirrel is watchi… — Foxes and squirrels · tree and pragmatics description: Studies of grey squirrels found that when another squirrel is watching, a squirrel may pretend to bury a nut to fool the thief, which suggests it plans ahead. Who acts: Studies, squirrel. A sentence of the lesson «Foxes and squirrels» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependenc --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/215-foxes-and-squirrels/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Foxes and squirrels](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/215-foxes-and-squirrels/) / 12 # Foxes and squirrels, sentence 12 Studies of grey squirrels found that when another squirrel is watching, a squirrel may pretend to bury a nut to fool the thief, which suggests it plans ahead. **Who acts:** Studies, squirrel · **What happens:** find, watch, pretend, bury, fool, suggest · **To what, where:** nut, thief, grey squirrels · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Foxes and squirrels» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Studies, squirrel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:215-foxes-and-squirrels.lesson:12 # text = Studies of grey squirrels found that when another squirrel is watching, a squirrel may pretend to bury a nut to fool the thief, which suggests it plans ahead. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 215-foxes-and-squirrels.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Studies study NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 2 of of ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 3 grey grey ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 squirrels squirrel NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 nmod _ _ 5 found find VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 that that SCONJ IN _ 16 mark _ _ 7 when when SCONJ WRB _ 11 mark _ _ 8 another another DET DT PronType=Ind 9 det _ _ 9 squirrel squirrel NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 10 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 aux _ _ 11 watching watch VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 16 advcl _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 squirrel squirrel NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 15 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 16 aux _ _ 16 pretend pretend VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 ccomp _ _ 17 to to PART TO _ 18 mark _ _ 18 bury bury VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 xcomp _ _ 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 nut nut NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 21 to to PART TO _ 22 mark _ _ 22 fool fool VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 advcl _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 thief thief NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obj _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 26 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 27 nsubj _ _ 27 suggests suggest VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 28 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 29 plans plan VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 ccomp _ _ 30 ahead ahead ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **find** | past | Studies of grey squirrels | | | | | | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 2 | **watch** | present · progressive | another squirrel | | | | | | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **pretend** | may | a squirrel | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **bury** | to-infinitive | a squirrel *not said here* | a nut | | | | | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nut=Theme | | 5 | **fool** | to-infinitive | a squirrel *not said here* | the thief | | | | | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thief=Patient | | 6 | **suggest** *speech: suggest* | present | | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 7 | **plan** | present | squirrel | | | | | ahead *property* | vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **study** | | | grey squirrels | | | | | nom study «act transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:215-foxes-and-squirrels.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Foxes and squirrels, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/215-foxes-and-squirrels/11/) - next →: [Foxes and squirrels, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/215-foxes-and-squirrels/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/215-foxes-and-squirrels/)