--- title: Grey squirrels were brought to Britain from North America; they carr… — Foxes and squirrels · tree and pragmatics description: Grey squirrels were brought to Britain from North America; they carry a virus deadly to red squirrels and take their food, so reds now live mostly in Scotland and a few other places such as islands. Who acts: Studies, reds. A sentence of the lesson «Foxes and squirrels» of the biology course of Mova --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/215-foxes-and-squirrels/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Foxes and squirrels](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/215-foxes-and-squirrels/) / 13 # Foxes and squirrels, sentence 13 Grey squirrels were brought to Britain from North America; they carry a virus deadly to red squirrels and take their food, so reds now live mostly in Scotland and a few other places such as islands. **Who acts:** Studies, reds · **What happens:** bring, carry, take, live · **To what, where:** Grey squirrels, Britain, North America, virus, food, Scotland This is a sentence of the lesson «Foxes and squirrels» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Studies, reds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:215-foxes-and-squirrels.lesson:13 # text = Grey squirrels were brought to Britain from North America; they carry a virus deadly to red squirrels and take their food, so reds now live mostly in Scotland and a few other places such as islands. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 215-foxes-and-squirrels.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Grey grey ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 squirrels squirrel NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 brought bring VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 to to ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 Britain Britain PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 7 from from ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 North North PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 compound _ _ 9 America America PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:nmod 10 ; ; PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 11 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ _ 12 carry carry VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:conj 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 virus virus NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 15 deadly deadly ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 xcomp _ _ 16 to to ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 red red ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 squirrels squirrel NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obl _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 20 take take VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=15:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 21 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ _ 22 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 24 so so ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 25 reds red NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nsubj _ _ 26 now now ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 27 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:conj 28 mostly mostly ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 29 in in ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 Scotland Scotland PROPN NNP Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 32 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 33 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 35 amod _ _ 34 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 35 amod _ _ 35 places place NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 conj _ _ 36 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP 38 case _ _ 37 as as ADP IN _ 36 fixed _ _ 38 islands island NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 nmod _ _ 39 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **bring** | past · passive | | Grey squirrels | Britain | North America | | | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: subject=Theme to britain=Destination from america=Initial\_Location | | 2 | **carry** | present | Studies *= study* | a virus | | | | deadly *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent virus=Theme | | 3 | **take** | present | Studies *= study* *not said here* | Studies's food | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Theme | | 4 | **live** | present | reds | | | Scotland and a few other places such islands | now | mostly *property* | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in scotland=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:215-foxes-and-squirrels.lesson:13`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Foxes and squirrels, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/215-foxes-and-squirrels/12/) - next →: [Foxes and squirrels, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/215-foxes-and-squirrels/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/215-foxes-and-squirrels/)