--- title: Squirrels are rodents whose front teeth grow all the time, about fif… — Foxes and squirrels · tree and pragmatics description: Squirrels are rodents whose front teeth grow all the time, about fifteen centimetres a year, and gnawing hard nuts wears them down. Who acts: Squirrels, front teeth, gnawing. A sentence of the lesson «Foxes and squirrels» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and th --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/215-foxes-and-squirrels/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Foxes and squirrels](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/215-foxes-and-squirrels/) / 15 # Foxes and squirrels, sentence 15 Squirrels are rodents whose front teeth grow all the time, about fifteen centimetres a year, and gnawing hard nuts wears them down. **Who acts:** Squirrels, front teeth, gnawing · **What happens:** be, grow, gnaw, wear down · **To what, where:** rodents, fifteen centimetres, hard nuts, nuts This is a sentence of the lesson «Foxes and squirrels» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Squirrels, front teeth, gnawing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:215-foxes-and-squirrels.lesson:15 # text = Squirrels are rodents whose front teeth grow all the time, about fifteen centimetres a year, and gnawing hard nuts wears them down. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 215-foxes-and-squirrels.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1 1 Squirrels squirrel NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 rodents rodent NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 4 whose whose PRON WP$ Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel 6 nmod:poss _ _ 5 front front ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 teeth tooth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ _ 7 grow grow VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 acl:relcl _ _ 8 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 10 det:predet _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 12 about about ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 13 fifteen fifteen NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 14 nummod _ _ 14 centimetres centimetre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:appos 15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod:unmarked _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 19 gnawing gnaw VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 22 csubj _ _ 20 hard hard ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 nuts nut NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 obj _ _ 22 wears wear VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 23 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ _ 24 down down ADP RP _ 22 compound:prt _ _ 25 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Squirrels | rodents | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **grow** | present | front teeth | fifteen centimetres a year | | | time | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **gnaw** | gerund | | hard nuts | | | | | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nut=Patient | | 4 | **wear down** | present | gnawing | nuts *= nut* | | | | | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent they=Source | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:215-foxes-and-squirrels.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Foxes and squirrels, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/215-foxes-and-squirrels/14/) - next →: [Garden birds: robins, blackbirds, tits…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/216-garden-birds-robins-blackbirds-tits-and-feeders/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/215-foxes-and-squirrels/)