---
title: That cheerful robin is also one of the fiercest birds in the garden:… — Garden birds: robins, blackbirds, tits and feeders · tree and pragmatics
description: That cheerful robin is also one of the fiercest birds in the garden: its red breast is a warning flag, and it will fight other robins to keep its patch, even singing to defend it all through the winter. Who acts: cheerful robin, red breast, robin. A sentence of the lesson «Garden birds: robins, blac
---

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# Garden birds: robins, blackbirds, tits and feeders, sentence 2

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That cheerful robin is also one of the fiercest birds in the garden: its red breast is a warning flag, and it will fight other robins to keep its patch, even singing to defend it all through the winter.

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**Who acts:** cheerful robin, red breast, robin · **What happens:** be, fight, keep, sing, defend · **To what, where:** one, warning flag, other robins, patch, robin

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Garden birds: robins, blackbirds, tits and feeders» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cheerful robin, red breast, robin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:216-garden-birds-robins-blackbirds-tits-and-feeders.lesson:2
# text = That cheerful robin is also one of the fiercest birds in the garden: its red breast is a warning flag, and it will fight other robins to keep its patch, even singing to defend it all through the winter.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 216-garden-birds-robins-blackbirds-tits-and-feeders.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	That	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
2	cheerful	cheerful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	robin	robin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	fiercest	fierce	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	10	amod	_	_
10	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
15	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
16	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	breast	breast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	warning	warning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	flag	flag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
24	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
25	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	fight	fight	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	conj	_	_
27	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	robins	robin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obj	_	_
29	to	to	PART	TO	_	30	mark	_	_
30	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	acl	_	_
31	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
32	patch	patch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obj	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
34	even	even	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	_
35	singing	sing	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	26	advcl	_	_
36	to	to	PART	TO	_	37	mark	_	_
37	defend	defend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	35	xcomp	_	_
38	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	obj	_	_
39	all	all	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	42	advmod	_	_
40	through	through	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	_
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | that cheerful robin | one |  |  |  | of the fiercest birds in the garden | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | robin's red breast | a warning flag |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **fight** | future | robin | other robins |  |  |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent robin=Co-Agent |
| 4 | **keep** | to-infinitive | robin *not said here* | robin's patch |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent patch=Theme |
| 5 | **sing** *speech: express* | gerund | robin *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **defend** | to-infinitive | robin *not said here* | robin |  |  | winter |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Beneficiary |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:216-garden-birds-robins-blackbirds-tits-and-feeders.lesson:2`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Garden birds: robins, blackbirds, tits…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/216-garden-birds-robins-blackbirds-tits-and-feeders/1/)
- next →: [Garden birds: robins, blackbirds, tits…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/216-garden-birds-robins-blackbirds-tits-and-feeders/3/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/216-garden-birds-robins-blackbirds-tits-and-feeders/)