---
title: An earthworm has no eyes and no lungs; it breathes through its moist… — Worms, snails and slugs · tree and pragmatics
description: An earthworm has no eyes and no lungs; it breathes through its moist skin and can sense light with its skin. Who acts: earthworm, worm. A sentence of the lesson «Worms, snails and slugs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Worms, snails and slugs, sentence 7

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An earthworm has no eyes and no lungs; it breathes through its moist skin and can sense light with its skin.

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**Who acts:** earthworm, worm · **What happens:** have, breathe, sense · **To what, where:** eyes, moist skin, light

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Worms, snails and slugs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (earthworm, worm), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:217-worms-snails-and-slugs.lesson:7
# text = An earthworm has no eyes and no lungs; it breathes through its moist skin and can sense light with its skin.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 217-worms-snails-and-slugs.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	earthworm	earthworm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
5	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	8	det	_	_
8	lungs	lung	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	breathes	breathe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj
12	through	through	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
14	moist	moist	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	sense	sense	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
19	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
20	with	with	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a earthworm | no eyes and no lungs |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Patient |
| 2 | **breathe** | present | worm |  |  | worm's moist skin |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **sense** | can | worm *not said here* | light |  |  |  | with worm's skin | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer light=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:217-worms-snails-and-slugs.lesson:7`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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