--- title: Elephants recognise old friends after years apart and greet them noi… — Elephants: families, tusks, ears and memory · tree and pragmatics description: Elephants recognise old friends after years apart and greet them noisily with rumbles, ear flapping and trunk touches. Who acts: Elephants. A sentence of the lesson «Elephants: families, tusks, ears and memory» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatic --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/22-elephants-families-tusks-ears-memory/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Elephants: families, tusks, ears and m…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/22-elephants-families-tusks-ears-memory/) / 15 # Elephants: families, tusks, ears and memory, sentence 15 Elephants recognise old friends after years apart and greet them noisily with rumbles, ear flapping and trunk touches. **Who acts:** Elephants · **What happens:** recognise, greet · **To what, where:** old friends, friends This is a sentence of the lesson «Elephants: families, tusks, ears and memory» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Elephants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:022-elephants-families-tusks-ears-memory.lesson:15 # text = Elephants recognise old friends after years apart and greet them noisily with rumbles, ear flapping and trunk touches. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 022-elephants-families-tusks-ears-memory.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Elephants elephant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 recognise recognise VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 friends friend NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 5 after after ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nmod _ _ 7 apart apart ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 9 greet greet VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=2:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obj _ _ 11 noisily noisily ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 12 with with ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 rumbles rumble NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obl _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 ear ear NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 compound _ _ 16 flapping flap NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=13:acl|HaikuPos=VERB:VBG:Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 18 trunk trunk NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 compound _ _ 19 touches touch NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 conj _ _ 20 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **recognise** | present | Elephants | old friends | | | after years | | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer friend=Stimulus | | 2 | **greet** *speech: greet* | present | Elephants *not said here* | | friends *= friend* | | | with rumbles and ear flapping and trunk touches; noisily *property* | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:022-elephants-families-tusks-ears-memory.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Elephants: families, tusks, ears and m…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/22-elephants-families-tusks-ears-memory/13/) - next →: [Elephants: families, tusks, ears and m…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/22-elephants-families-tusks-ears-memory/16/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/22-elephants-families-tusks-ears-memory/)