--- title: Homing pigeons can find their way back to their loft from hundreds o… — Pigeons: head bobbing, homing and city cliffs · tree and pragmatics description: Homing pigeons can find their way back to their loft from hundreds of kilometres away; in the First World War a pigeon called Cher Ami carried a message that helped save nearly two hundred soldiers. Who acts: Homing pigeons, pigeon, message. A sentence of the lesson «Pigeons: head bobbing, homing an --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/221-pigeons-head-bobbing-homing-and-city-cliffs/6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Pigeons: head bobbing, homing and city…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/221-pigeons-head-bobbing-homing-and-city-cliffs/) / 6 # Pigeons: head bobbing, homing and city cliffs, sentence 6 Homing pigeons can find their way back to their loft from hundreds of kilometres away; in the First World War a pigeon called Cher Ami carried a message that helped save nearly two hundred soldiers. **Who acts:** Homing pigeons, pigeon, message · **What happens:** home, find, call, carry, help, save · **To what, where:** way, pigeon, message, First World War, hundred soldiers · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Pigeons: head bobbing, homing and city cliffs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Homing pigeons, pigeon, message), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:221-pigeons-head-bobbing-homing-and-city-cliffs.lesson:6 # text = Homing pigeons can find their way back to their loft from hundreds of kilometres away; in the First World War a pigeon called Cher Ami carried a message that helped save nearly two hundred soldiers. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 221-pigeons-head-bobbing-homing-and-city-cliffs.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Homing home VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 2 amod _ _ 2 pigeons pigeon NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 3 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 4 find find VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ _ 6 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 7 back back ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 8 to to ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ _ 10 loft loft NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 11 from from ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 hundreds hundred NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nmod _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 kilometres kilometre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nmod _ _ 15 away away ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 16 ; ; PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 17 in in ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 19 First First ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 21 amod _ _ 20 World World PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 compound _ _ 21 War War PROPN NNP Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 22 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 pigeon pigeon NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ _ 24 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 23 acl _ _ 25 Cher Cher PROPN NNP Number=Sing 24 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=24:obj 26 Ami Ami PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 flat _ _ 27 carried carry VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:conj 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 message message NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 30 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 31 nsubj _ _ 31 helped help VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 29 acl:relcl _ _ 32 save save VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 31 xcomp _ _ 33 nearly nearly ADV RB _ 35 advmod _ _ 34 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 35 compound _ _ 35 hundred hundred NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 36 nummod _ _ 36 soldiers soldier NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 obj _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **home** | gerund | | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **find** | can | Homing pigeons | pigeons's way | | | | to pigeons's loft from hundreds of kilometres | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic | | 3 | **call** | participle | | a pigeon *not said here* | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **carry** | past | a pigeon | a message | | the First World War | | | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent message=Value in war=Location | | 5 | **help** | past | a message | | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 6 | **save** | infinitive | a message *not said here* | hundred soldiers | | | | | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent soldier=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:221-pigeons-head-bobbing-homing-and-city-cliffs.lesson:6`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Pigeons: head bobbing, homing and city…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/221-pigeons-head-bobbing-homing-and-city-cliffs/4/) - next →: [Pigeons: head bobbing, homing and city…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/221-pigeons-head-bobbing-homing-and-city-cliffs/7/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/221-pigeons-head-bobbing-homing-and-city-cliffs/)