--- title: Rats are clever and careful: offered a new food, a rat nibbles a tin… — Rats and mice in the city, and the elephant and… · tree and pragmatics description: Rats are clever and careful: offered a new food, a rat nibbles a tiny bit and waits to see whether it feels ill, and in experiments rats have freed a trapped friend even when there was chocolate on offer. Who acts: Rats, rat, food, chocolate. A sentence of the lesson «Rats and mice in the city, and --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/222-rats-and-mice-in-the-city-and-the-elephant-and-mouse-myth/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Rats and mice in the city, and the ele…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/222-rats-and-mice-in-the-city-and-the-elephant-and-mouse-myth/) / 2 # Rats and mice in the city, and the elephant and mouse myth, sentence 2 Rats are clever and careful: offered a new food, a rat nibbles a tiny bit and waits to see whether it feels ill, and in experiments rats have freed a trapped friend even when there was chocolate on offer. **Who acts:** Rats, rat, food, chocolate · **What happens:** be, offer, nibble, wait, see, feel · **To what, where:** new food, tiny bit, trapped friend, experiments · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Rats and mice in the city, and the elephant and mouse myth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rats, rat, food, chocolate), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:222-rats-and-mice-in-the-city-and-the-elephant-and-mouse-myth.lesson:2 # text = Rats are clever and careful: offered a new food, a rat nibbles a tiny bit and waits to see whether it feels ill, and in experiments rats have freed a trapped friend even when there was chocolate on offer. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 222-rats-and-mice-in-the-city-and-the-elephant-and-mouse-myth.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Rats rat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 clever clever ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 5 careful careful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 conj _ _ 6 : : PUNCT : _ 7 punct _ _ 7 offered offer VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 9 new new ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 rat rat NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 14 nibbles nibble VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 16 tiny tiny ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 bit bit NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 19 waits wait VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 conj _ _ 20 to to PART TO _ 21 mark _ _ 21 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 19 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=14:advcl 22 whether whether SCONJ IN _ 24 mark _ _ 23 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 24 feels feel VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 ccomp _ _ 25 ill ill ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 xcomp _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 28 in in ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 experiments experiment NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 obl _ _ 30 rats rat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=29:nsubj 31 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 aux _ _ 32 freed free VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:parataxis 33 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 34 trapped trap VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 35 amod _ _ 35 friend friend NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=37:obj 36 even even ADV RB _ 39 advmod _ _ 37 when when SCONJ WRB _ 39 mark _ _ 38 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 39 expl _ _ 39 was be VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 32 advcl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=32:advcl|HaikuPos=AUX:VBD:Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 40 chocolate chocolate NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 nsubj _ _ 41 on on ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 42 offer offer NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 nmod _ _ 43 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | Rats | | | | | clever *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **be** | | Rats *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **offer** | past | Rats *not said here* | a new food | | | | | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent food=Theme | | 4 | **nibble** | present | a rat | a tiny bit | | | | | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bit=Patient | | 5 | **wait** | present | a rat *not said here* | | | | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **see** | to-infinitive | a rat *not said here* | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 7 | **feel** | present | food | | | | | ill *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | | 8 | **free** | present · perfect | rats | a trapped friend | | experiments | | | vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Causer friend=Source | | 9 | **trap** | participle | | | | | | | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 10 | **be** | past | chocolate on offer | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:222-rats-and-mice-in-the-city-and-the-elephant-and-mouse-myth.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Rats and mice in the city, and the ele…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/222-rats-and-mice-in-the-city-and-the-elephant-and-mouse-myth/1/) - next →: [Rats and mice in the city, and the ele…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/222-rats-and-mice-in-the-city-and-the-elephant-and-mouse-myth/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/222-rats-and-mice-in-the-city-and-the-elephant-and-mouse-myth/)