--- title: A hunting bat does the same trick hundreds of times a second, with s… — Echolocation: how bats see with sound · tree and pragmatics description: A hunting bat does the same trick hundreds of times a second, with squeaks far too high for us to hear, and listens to the echoes. Who acts: hunting bat, us. A sentence of the lesson «Echolocation: how bats see with sound» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Echolocation: how bats see with sound](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound/) / 1 # Echolocation: how bats see with sound, sentence 1 A hunting bat does the same trick hundreds of times a second, with squeaks far too high for us to hear, and listens to the echoes. **Who acts:** hunting bat, us · **What happens:** do, hear, listen · **To what, where:** same trick This is a sentence of the lesson «Echolocation: how bats see with sound» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hunting bat, us), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound.lesson:1 # text = A hunting bat does the same trick hundreds of times a second, with squeaks far too high for us to hear, and listens to the echoes. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 hunting hunting NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 bat bat NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 does do VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:det 6 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:amod 7 trick trick NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:compound 8 hundreds hundred NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 times time NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nmod _ _ 11 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 second second NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nmod:unmarked _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 14 with with ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 squeaks squeak NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 16 far far ADV RB Degree=Pos 18 advmod _ _ 17 too too ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 18 high high ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 acl _ _ 19 for for SCONJ IN _ 22 mark _ _ 20 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 21 to to PART TO _ 22 mark _ _ 22 hear hear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 advcl _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 25 listens listen VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 26 to to ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 echoes echo NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 obl _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **do** | present | a hunting bat | the same trick | | | | with squeaks | tree rules | | 2 | **hear** | to-infinitive | us | | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer | | 3 | **listen** | present | a hunting bat *not said here* | | | | | to the echoes | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to echo=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Echolocation: how bats see with sound, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound/0/) - next →: [Echolocation: how bats see with sound, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound/)