--- title: Bat boxes give bats safe places to sleep as old hollow trees and bar… — Echolocation: how bats see with sound · tree and pragmatics description: Bat boxes give bats safe places to sleep as old hollow trees and barns disappear, and in Britain bats and their roosts are protected by law. Who acts: Bat boxes, old hollow trees, law. A sentence of the lesson «Echolocation: how bats see with sound» of the biology course of Mova's primary school wit --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Echolocation: how bats see with sound](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound/) / 16 # Echolocation: how bats see with sound, sentence 16 Bat boxes give bats safe places to sleep as old hollow trees and barns disappear, and in Britain bats and their roosts are protected by law. **Who acts:** Bat boxes, old hollow trees, law · **What happens:** give, sleep, disappear, protect · **To what, where:** safe places, bats, Britain This is a sentence of the lesson «Echolocation: how bats see with sound» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bat boxes, old hollow trees, law), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound.lesson:16 # text = Bat boxes give bats safe places to sleep as old hollow trees and barns disappear, and in Britain bats and their roosts are protected by law. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Bat bat NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 boxes box NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 give give VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 bats bat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 iobj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:obj 5 safe safe ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 places place NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 7 to to PART TO _ 8 mark _ _ 8 sleep sleep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 acl _ _ 9 as as SCONJ IN _ 15 mark _ _ 10 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 11 hollow hollow ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 trees tree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 14 barns barn NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 conj _ _ 15 disappear disappear VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 advcl _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 18 in in ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 Britain Britain PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 20 bats bat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 nsubj:pass _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 22 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ _ 23 roosts roost NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 conj _ _ 24 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 aux:pass _ _ 25 protected protect VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 conj _ _ 26 by by ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 law law NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 28 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **give** | present | Bat boxes | safe places | bats | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent bat=Recipient place=Theme | | 2 | **sleep** | to-infinitive | Bat boxes *not said here* | safe places *not said here* | | | | | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **disappear** | present | old hollow trees and barns | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **protect** | present · passive | law | bats and trees's roosts | | Britain | | | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Beneficiary | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Echolocation: how bats see with sound, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound/15/) - next →: [Echolocation in the sea and in people:…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/230-echolocation-in-the-sea-and-in-people-dolphins-whales-swiftlets-and-clicking-humans/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound/)