--- title: Bats are not the only animals that find their way with echoes; dolph… — Echolocation in the sea and in people: dolphins,… · tree and pragmatics description: Bats are not the only animals that find their way with echoes; dolphins, many whales, some cave birds, shrews and even some blind people do it too. Who acts: Bats, only animals, dolphins. A sentence of the lesson «Echolocation in the sea and in people: dolphins, whales, swiftlets and clicking humans --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/230-echolocation-in-the-sea-and-in-people-dolphins-whales-swiftlets-and-clicking-humans/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Echolocation in the sea and in people:…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/230-echolocation-in-the-sea-and-in-people-dolphins-whales-swiftlets-and-clicking-humans/) / 0 # Echolocation in the sea and in people: dolphins, whales, swiftlets and clicking humans, sentence 0 Bats are not the only animals that find their way with echoes; dolphins, many whales, some cave birds, shrews and even some blind people do it too. **Who acts:** Bats, only animals, dolphins · **What happens:** not be, find, do · **To what, where:** only animals, way This is a sentence of the lesson «Echolocation in the sea and in people: dolphins, whales, swiftlets and clicking humans» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bats, only animals, dolphins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:230-echolocation-in-the-sea-and-in-people-dolphins-whales-swiftlets-and-clicking-humans.lesson:0 # text = Bats are not the only animals that find their way with echoes; dolphins, many whales, some cave birds, shrews and even some blind people do it too. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 230-echolocation-in-the-sea-and-in-people-dolphins-whales-swiftlets-and-clicking-humans.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1 1 Bats bat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 3 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 6 advmod _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 only only ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 parataxis _ _ 7 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 8 nsubj _ _ 8 find find VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 acl:relcl _ _ 9 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ _ 10 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ _ 11 with with ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 echoes echo NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl _ _ 13 ; ; PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 14 dolphins dolphin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 nsubj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 16 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 whales whale NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 conj _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 19 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 21 det _ _ 20 cave cave NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 compound _ _ 21 birds bird NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 conj _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 23 shrews shrew NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 conj _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 25 even even ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 26 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 28 det _ _ 27 blind blind ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 28 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 conj _ _ 29 do do VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 30 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 obj _ _ 31 too too ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 32 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=29:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **is a** | present | Bats | the only animals | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **find** | present | the only animals | Bats's way | | | | with echoes | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic | | 3 | **do** | present | dolphins and many whales and some cave birds and shrews and some blind people | way | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:230-echolocation-in-the-sea-and-in-people-dolphins-whales-swiftlets-and-clicking-humans.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Echolocation: how bats see with sound, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound/16/) - next →: [Echolocation in the sea and in people:…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/230-echolocation-in-the-sea-and-in-people-dolphins-whales-swiftlets-and-clicking-humans/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/230-echolocation-in-the-sea-and-in-people-dolphins-whales-swiftlets-and-clicking-humans/)