--- title: A dolphin in murky water clicks, the clicks bounce off a fish, and t… — Echolocation in the sea and in people: dolphins,… · tree and pragmatics description: A dolphin in murky water clicks, the clicks bounce off a fish, and the echoes come back through its lower jaw to its ears. Who acts: dolphin, echoes. A sentence of the lesson «Echolocation in the sea and in people: dolphins, whales, swiftlets and clicking humans» of the biology course of Mova's prim --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/230-echolocation-in-the-sea-and-in-people-dolphins-whales-swiftlets-and-clicking-humans/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Echolocation in the sea and in people:…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/230-echolocation-in-the-sea-and-in-people-dolphins-whales-swiftlets-and-clicking-humans/) / 2 # Echolocation in the sea and in people: dolphins, whales, swiftlets and clicking humans, sentence 2 A dolphin in murky water clicks, the clicks bounce off a fish, and the echoes come back through its lower jaw to its ears. **Who acts:** dolphin, echoes · **What happens:** bounce off, come back · **To what, where:** fish, lower jaw This is a sentence of the lesson «Echolocation in the sea and in people: dolphins, whales, swiftlets and clicking humans» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dolphin, echoes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:230-echolocation-in-the-sea-and-in-people-dolphins-whales-swiftlets-and-clicking-humans.lesson:2 # text = A dolphin in murky water clicks, the clicks bounce off a fish, and the echoes come back through its lower jaw to its ears. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 230-echolocation-in-the-sea-and-in-people-dolphins-whales-swiftlets-and-clicking-humans.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 dolphin dolphin NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 3 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 4 murky murky ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 5 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 compound _ _ 6 clicks click NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nmod _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 clicks click NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nsubj _ _ 10 bounce bounce VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 11 off off ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 fish fish NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 echoes echo NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 nsubj _ _ 18 come come VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj _ _ 19 back back ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 20 through through ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 21 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ _ 22 lower low ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 23 amod _ _ 23 jaw jaw NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 24 to to ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ _ 26 ears ear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=23:nmod 27 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **bounce off** | present | a dolphin in murky water clicks | a fish | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Agent | | 2 | **come back** | present | the echoes | | | fish's lower jaw | | to jaw's ears | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme through jaw=Initial\_Location to ear=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:230-echolocation-in-the-sea-and-in-people-dolphins-whales-swiftlets-and-clicking-humans.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Echolocation in the sea and in people:…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/230-echolocation-in-the-sea-and-in-people-dolphins-whales-swiftlets-and-clicking-humans/1/) - next →: [Echolocation in the sea and in people:…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/230-echolocation-in-the-sea-and-in-people-dolphins-whales-swiftlets-and-clicking-humans/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/230-echolocation-in-the-sea-and-in-people-dolphins-whales-swiftlets-and-clicking-humans/)