--- title: Every living animal makes tiny electric signals: each heartbeat and… — Electric senses: electric eels, sharks, the plat… · tree and pragmatics description: Every living animal makes tiny electric signals: each heartbeat and each twitch of a muscle sends out a weak electric buzz into the water around it. Who acts: living animal, heartbeat. A sentence of the lesson «Electric senses: electric eels, sharks, the platypus bill and charged bees» of the biolog --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/231-electric-senses-eels-sharks-the-platypus-and-charged-bees/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Electric senses: electric eels, sharks…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/231-electric-senses-eels-sharks-the-platypus-and-charged-bees/) / 0 # Electric senses: electric eels, sharks, the platypus bill and charged bees, sentence 0 Every living animal makes tiny electric signals: each heartbeat and each twitch of a muscle sends out a weak electric buzz into the water around it. **Who acts:** living animal, heartbeat · **What happens:** make, send out, twitch · **To what, where:** tiny electric signals, weak electric buzz, water, muscle This is a sentence of the lesson «Electric senses: electric eels, sharks, the platypus bill and charged bees» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (living animal, heartbeat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:231-electric-senses-eels-sharks-the-platypus-and-charged-bees.lesson:0 # text = Every living animal makes tiny electric signals: each heartbeat and each twitch of a muscle sends out a weak electric buzz into the water around it. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 231-electric-senses-eels-sharks-the-platypus-and-charged-bees.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Every every DET DT PronType=Tot 3 det _ _ 2 living living ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 animal animal NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 tiny tiny ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 6 electric electric ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 signals signal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj _ _ 8 : : PUNCT : _ 17 punct _ _ 9 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 10 det _ _ 10 heartbeat heartbeat NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 12 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 13 det _ _ 13 twitch twitch NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 conj _ _ 14 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 muscle muscle NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nmod _ _ 17 sends send VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:conj 18 out out ADP RP _ 17 compound:prt _ _ 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 20 weak weak ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod _ _ 21 electric electric ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod _ _ 22 buzz buzz NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obj _ _ 23 into into ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ _ 26 around around ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod _ _ 28 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | present | every living animal | tiny electric signals | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent signal=Product | | 2 | **send out** | present | each heartbeat and each twitch of a muscle | a weak electric buzz | | the water around animal | | | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent buzz=Theme | | 3 | **twitch** | | | a muscle | | | | | nom twitch «state transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:231-electric-senses-eels-sharks-the-platypus-and-charged-bees.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Echolocation in the sea and in people:…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/230-echolocation-in-the-sea-and-in-people-dolphins-whales-swiftlets-and-clicking-humans/15/) - next →: [Electric senses: electric eels, sharks…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/231-electric-senses-eels-sharks-the-platypus-and-charged-bees/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/231-electric-senses-eels-sharks-the-platypus-and-charged-bees/)