--- title: Dolphins and whales are mammals that went back to the sea about 50 m… — Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca grandmothers… · tree and pragmatics description: Dolphins and whales are mammals that went back to the sea about 50 million years ago, and they took big, social brains with them. Who acts: Dolphins, mammals. A sentence of the lesson «Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca grandmothers and whale songs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school wi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca gr…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs/) / 0 # Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca grandmothers and whale songs, sentence 0 Dolphins and whales are mammals that went back to the sea about 50 million years ago, and they took big, social brains with them. **Who acts:** Dolphins, mammals · **What happens:** be, go back, take · **To what, where:** mammals, big social brains This is a sentence of the lesson «Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca grandmothers and whale songs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dolphins, mammals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs.lesson:0 # text = Dolphins and whales are mammals that went back to the sea about 50 million years ago, and they took big, social brains with them. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3 1 Dolphins dolphin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 2 and and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 3 whales whale NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 conj _ _ 4 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 5 mammals mammal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 6 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 7 nsubj _ _ 7 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 acl:relcl _ _ 8 back back ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 9 to to ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 12 about about ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=13:advmod 13 50 50 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 14 compound _ _ 14 million million NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 15 nummod _ _ 15 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obl:unmarked _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=7:obl:unmarked 16 ago ago ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=15:advmod 17 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 19 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ _ 20 took take VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 21 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 23 social social ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 24 brains brain NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 obj _ _ 25 with with ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obl _ _ 27 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Dolphins and whales | mammals | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **go back** | past | mammals | | | | | to the sea *result*; ago *property* | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to sea=Result | | 3 | **take** | past | Dolphins *= dolphin* | big social brains | | | | with brains *= brain* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brain=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Animal minds: the octopus, escape arti…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/234-animal-minds-the-octopus-escape-artist-and-puzzle-solver/17/) - next →: [Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca gr…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs/)