--- title: Each bottlenose dolphin has its own signature whistle, invented as a… — Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca grandmothers… · tree and pragmatics description: Each bottlenose dolphin has its own signature whistle, invented as a calf, which others copy to call it, and dolphins remember old friends' whistles for over 20 years. Who acts: bottlenose dolphin, others, dolphins, way. A sentence of the lesson «Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca grandmothers and --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca gr…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs/) / 4 # Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca grandmothers and whale songs, sentence 4 Each bottlenose dolphin has its own signature whistle, invented as a calf, which others copy to call it, and dolphins remember old friends' whistles for over 20 years. **Who acts:** bottlenose dolphin, others, dolphins, way, old friends · **What happens:** have, invent, copy, call, remember, whistle · **To what, where:** own signature whistle, calf, whistle, whistles · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca grandmothers and whale songs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bottlenose dolphin, others, dolphins, way), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs.lesson:4 # text = Each bottlenose dolphin has its own signature whistle, invented as a calf, which others copy to call it, and dolphins remember old friends' whistles for over 20 years. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2 1 Each each DET DT PronType=Tot 3 det _ _ 2 bottlenose bottlenose NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 dolphin dolphin NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _ 6 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 7 signature signature NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 compound _ _ 8 whistle whistle NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 10 invented invent VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 8 acl _ _ 11 as as ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 calf calf NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 15 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 17 obj _ _ 16 others other NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 nsubj _ _ 17 copy copy VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 acl:relcl _ _ 18 to to PART TO _ 19 mark _ _ 19 call call VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 17 xcomp _ _ 20 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obj _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 23 dolphins dolphin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nsubj _ _ 24 remember remember VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 25 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 friends friend NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 nmod:poss _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=24:obj 27 ' 's PART POS _ 26 case _ _ 28 whistles whistle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=26:conj 29 for for ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 30 over over ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 31 20 20 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 32 nummod _ _ 32 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obl _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | each bottlenose dolphin | way's own signature whistle | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whistle=Patient | | 2 | **invent** | participle | | way's own signature whistle *not said here* | | | | as a calf | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as calf=Attribute | | 3 | **copy** | present | others | a calf | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **call** | to-infinitive | others *not said here* | whistle | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient | | 5 | **remember** | present | dolphins | old friends's whistles | | | year | | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent whistle=Theme | | 6 | **whistle** | | way | | | | | | nom whistle «event intransitive»: poss=agent | | 7 | **whistle** | | old friends | | | | | | nom whistle «event intransitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca gr…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs/3/) - next →: [Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca gr…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs/)