--- title: Elephants comfort a scared elephant by touching it with their trunks… — Animal minds: elephants' memory, feelings and th… · tree and pragmatics description: Elephants comfort a scared elephant by touching it with their trunks and making soft chirping sounds. Who acts: Elephants. A sentence of the lesson «Animal minds: elephants' memory, feelings and the mouse myth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatic --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/236-animal-minds-elephants-memory-feelings-and-the-mouse-myth/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Animal minds: elephants' memory, feeli…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/236-animal-minds-elephants-memory-feelings-and-the-mouse-myth/) / 11 # Animal minds: elephants' memory, feelings and the mouse myth, sentence 11 Elephants comfort a scared elephant by touching it with their trunks and making soft chirping sounds. **Who acts:** Elephants · **What happens:** comfort, touch, make · **To what, where:** scared elephant, fruit, soft chirping sounds This is a sentence of the lesson «Animal minds: elephants' memory, feelings and the mouse myth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Elephants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:236-animal-minds-elephants-memory-feelings-and-the-mouse-myth.lesson:11 # text = Elephants comfort a scared elephant by touching it with their trunks and making soft chirping sounds. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 236-animal-minds-elephants-memory-feelings-and-the-mouse-myth.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Elephants elephant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 comfort comfort VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 scared scared ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 elephant elephant NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 6 by by SCONJ IN _ 7 mark _ _ 7 touching touch VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 2 advcl _ _ 8 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 obj _ _ 9 with with ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ _ 11 trunks trunk NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obl _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 making make VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 7 conj _ _ 14 soft soft ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 15 chirping chirp NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 compound _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=16:amod|HaikuPos=VERB:VBG:VerbForm=Ger 16 sounds sound NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 obj _ _ 17 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **comfort** | present | Elephants | a scared elephant | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus elephant=Experiencer | | 2 | **touch** | gerund | Elephants *not said here* | fruit | | | | with branches's trunks | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent it=Theme with trunk=Instrument | | 3 | **make** | gerund | Elephants *not said here* | soft chirping sounds | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:236-animal-minds-elephants-memory-feelings-and-the-mouse-myth.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Animal minds: elephants' memory, feeli…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/236-animal-minds-elephants-memory-feelings-and-the-mouse-myth/10/) - next →: [Animal minds: elephants' memory, feeli…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/236-animal-minds-elephants-memory-feelings-and-the-mouse-myth/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/236-animal-minds-elephants-memory-feelings-and-the-mouse-myth/)