--- title: Wolves howl to tell the pack where they are and warn other packs awa… — Wolves and dogs · tree and pragmatics description: Wolves howl to tell the pack where they are and warn other packs away, and a howl can carry several kilometres; they do not howl at the moon. Who acts: Wolves, howl. A sentence of the lesson «Wolves and dogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/24-wolves-and-dogs/6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Wolves and dogs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/24-wolves-and-dogs/) / 6 # Wolves and dogs, sentence 6 Wolves howl to tell the pack where they are and warn other packs away, and a howl can carry several kilometres; they do not howl at the moon. **Who acts:** Wolves, howl · **What happens:** howl, tell, be, warn away, carry, not howl · **To what, where:** pack, other packs, several kilometres, moon · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Wolves and dogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wolves, howl), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:024-wolves-and-dogs.lesson:6 # text = Wolves howl to tell the pack where they are and warn other packs away, and a howl can carry several kilometres; they do not howl at the moon. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 024-wolves-and-dogs.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Wolves wolf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 howl howl VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 to to PART TO _ 4 mark _ _ 4 tell tell VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:acl 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 pack pack NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 7 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 6 acl _ _ 8 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ _ 9 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 cop _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 11 warn warn VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 conj _ _ 12 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 packs pack NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=14:obj 14 away away ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 howl howl NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ _ 19 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 20 aux _ _ 20 carry carry VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 conj _ _ 21 several several ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod _ _ 22 kilometres kilometre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 obj _ _ 23 ; ; PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 24 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 25 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 aux _ _ 26 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 27 advmod _ _ 27 howl howl NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 conj _ _ 28 at at ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 moon moon NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=27:nmod 31 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **howl** | present | Wolves | | | | | | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive | Wolves *not said here* | the pack | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent pack=Recipient | | 3 | **is** | present | wolves *= wolf* | the pack *not said here* | | | | where *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **warn away** *speech: warn* | infinitive | Wolves *not said here* | other packs | | | | away *property* | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent pack=Recipient | | 5 | **carry** | can | a howl | several kilometres | | | | | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kilometre=Theme | | 6 | **not** **howl** | present · do-support | wolves *= wolf* | | | the moon | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:024-wolves-and-dogs.lesson:6`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Wolves and dogs, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/24-wolves-and-dogs/5/) - next →: [Wolves and dogs, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/24-wolves-and-dogs/7/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/24-wolves-and-dogs/)