--- title: Wolves returned to Yellowstone National Park in 1995 after about 70… — Wolves and dogs · tree and pragmatics description: Wolves returned to Yellowstone National Park in 1995 after about 70 years; elk grazed less by the rivers, trees grew back and beavers returned, a chain called a trophic cascade. Who acts: Wolves, elk, trees, beavers. A sentence of the lesson «Wolves and dogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/24-wolves-and-dogs/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Wolves and dogs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/24-wolves-and-dogs/) / 8 # Wolves and dogs, sentence 8 Wolves returned to Yellowstone National Park in 1995 after about 70 years; elk grazed less by the rivers, trees grew back and beavers returned, a chain called a trophic cascade. **Who acts:** Wolves, elk, trees, beavers, chain · **What happens:** return, graze, grow back, call · **To what, where:** Yellowstone Park, 1995, trophic cascade · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Wolves and dogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wolves, elk, trees, beavers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:024-wolves-and-dogs.lesson:8 # text = Wolves returned to Yellowstone National Park in 1995 after about 70 years; elk grazed less by the rivers, trees grew back and beavers returned, a chain called a trophic cascade. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 024-wolves-and-dogs.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Wolves wolf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 returned return VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 to to ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 4 Yellowstone Yellowstone PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 compound _ _ 5 National National PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 flat _ _ 6 Park Park PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 1995 1995 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 2 obl _ _ 9 after after ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 10 about about ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 11 70 70 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 12 nummod _ _ 12 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=22:obl 13 ; ; PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 14 elk elk NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ _ 15 grazed graze VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj 16 less less ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 15 advmod _ _ 17 by by ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 rivers river NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=16:obl 20 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=12:punct 21 trees tree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 nsubj _ _ 22 grew grow VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 23 back back ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 25 beavers beaver NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nsubj _ _ 26 returned return VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 22 conj _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 chain chain NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=26:obj 30 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 29 acl _ _ 31 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 32 trophic trophic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 amod _ _ 33 cascade cascade NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 xcomp _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=narrate | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **return** | past | Wolves | | Yellowstone Park | 1995 | year | | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to park=Result | | 2 | **graze** | past | elk | | | | | by the rivers; less *property* | vn dine-39.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **grow back** | past | trees | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **return** | past | beavers | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **call** | participle | a chain *not said here* | a trophic cascade | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:024-wolves-and-dogs.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Wolves and dogs, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/24-wolves-and-dogs/7/) - next →: [Wolves and dogs, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/24-wolves-and-dogs/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/24-wolves-and-dogs/)