--- title: All pet dogs come from wolves tamed probably more than 15,000 years… — Wolves and dogs · tree and pragmatics description: All pet dogs come from wolves tamed probably more than 15,000 years ago, and a chihuahua and a Great Dane are the same species. Who acts: pet dogs, chihuahua. A sentence of the lesson «Wolves and dogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ever --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/24-wolves-and-dogs/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Wolves and dogs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/24-wolves-and-dogs/) / 9 # Wolves and dogs, sentence 9 All pet dogs come from wolves tamed probably more than 15,000 years ago, and a chihuahua and a Great Dane are the same species. **Who acts:** pet dogs, chihuahua · **What happens:** come, tame, be · **To what, where:** wolves, same species This is a sentence of the lesson «Wolves and dogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pet dogs, chihuahua), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:024-wolves-and-dogs.lesson:9 # text = All pet dogs come from wolves tamed probably more than 15,000 years ago, and a chihuahua and a Great Dane are the same species. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 024-wolves-and-dogs.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 All all DET DT PronType=Tot 3 det _ _ 2 pet pet NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 dogs dog NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 4 come come VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 from from ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 wolves wolf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 7 tamed tame VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 acl _ _ 8 probably probably ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=12:advmod 9 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV 11 advmod _ _ 10 than than ADP IN _ 9 fixed _ _ 11 15,000 15000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 12 nummod _ _ 12 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 obl:unmarked _ _ 13 ago ago ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 chihuahua chihuahua NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 20 Great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 Dane dane PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=17:conj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 22 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 cop _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 24 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 25 species species NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 conj _ _ 26 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | present | all pet dogs | | | wolves | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from wolf=Initial\_Location | | 2 | **tame** | participle | | wolves *not said here* | | | | ago *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 3 | **is a** | present | a chihuahua and a Great Dane | the same species | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:024-wolves-and-dogs.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Wolves and dogs, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/24-wolves-and-dogs/8/) - next →: [Wolves and dogs, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/24-wolves-and-dogs/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/24-wolves-and-dogs/)