--- title: Venomous snakes use venom mainly to catch and kill prey and to defen… — Defences: venom in snakes, jellyfish, scorpions… · tree and pragmatics description: Venomous snakes use venom mainly to catch and kill prey and to defend themselves, and only about one in seven kinds of snake is dangerous to people. Who acts: Venomous snakes, one. A sentence of the lesson «Defences: venom in snakes, jellyfish, scorpions and the platypus» of the biology course of Mo --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/246-defences-venom-in-snakes-jellyfish-scorpions-and-the-platypus/6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Defences: venom in snakes, jellyfish,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/246-defences-venom-in-snakes-jellyfish-scorpions-and-the-platypus/) / 6 # Defences: venom in snakes, jellyfish, scorpions and the platypus, sentence 6 Venomous snakes use venom mainly to catch and kill prey and to defend themselves, and only about one in seven kinds of snake is dangerous to people. **Who acts:** Venomous snakes, one · **What happens:** use, catch, kill, defend, be · **To what, where:** venom, prey, sting This is a sentence of the lesson «Defences: venom in snakes, jellyfish, scorpions and the platypus» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Venomous snakes, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:246-defences-venom-in-snakes-jellyfish-scorpions-and-the-platypus.lesson:6 # text = Venomous snakes use venom mainly to catch and kill prey and to defend themselves, and only about one in seven kinds of snake is dangerous to people. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 246-defences-venom-in-snakes-jellyfish-scorpions-and-the-platypus.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×3, R3-conj-first ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Venomous venomous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 snakes snake NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 use use VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 venom venom NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 5 mainly mainly ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 6 to to PART TO _ 7 mark _ _ 7 catch catch VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 advcl _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=7:cc 9 kill kill VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 conj _ _ 10 prey prey NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=9:cc 12 to to PART TO _ 13 mark _ _ 13 defend defend VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=9:conj 14 themselves themselves PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 13 obj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=3:cc 17 only only ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 18 about about ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=19:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 19 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 26 nsubj _ _ 20 in in ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 seven seven NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 22 nummod _ _ 22 kinds kind NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 nmod _ _ 23 of of ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 snake snake NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nmod _ _ 25 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 cop _ _ 26 dangerous dangerous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 conj _ _ 27 to to ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 obl _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=7:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **use** | present | Venomous snakes | venom | | | | mainly *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent venom=Patient | | 2 | **catch** | to-infinitive | Venomous snakes *not said here* | | | | | | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **kill** | infinitive | Venomous snakes *not said here* | prey | | | | | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prey=Theme | | 4 | **defend** | to-infinitive | Venomous snakes *not said here* | sting | | | | | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent themselves=Beneficiary | | 5 | **is** | present | one in seven kinds of snake | | | | | to people; dangerous *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:246-defences-venom-in-snakes-jellyfish-scorpions-and-the-platypus.lesson:6`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×3, R3-conj-first ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Defences: venom in snakes, jellyfish,…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/246-defences-venom-in-snakes-jellyfish-scorpions-and-the-platypus/5/) - next →: [Defences: venom in snakes, jellyfish,…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/246-defences-venom-in-snakes-jellyfish-scorpions-and-the-platypus/7/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/246-defences-venom-in-snakes-jellyfish-scorpions-and-the-platypus/)