--- title: The horned lizard squirts blood from its eyes, sometimes over a metr… — Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour · tree and pragmatics description: The horned lizard squirts blood from its eyes, sometimes over a metre, at dogs and coyotes; the blood tastes nasty to dogs but not to birds, so it uses this only against dog-like enemies. Who acts: horned lizard, blood. A sentence of the lesson «Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour» of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehog…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/) / 14 # Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour, sentence 14 The horned lizard squirts blood from its eyes, sometimes over a metre, at dogs and coyotes; the blood tastes nasty to dogs but not to birds, so it uses this only against dog-like enemies. **Who acts:** horned lizard, blood · **What happens:** squirt, taste, use · **To what, where:** blood, eyes, dogs, this This is a sentence of the lesson «Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (horned lizard, blood), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour.lesson:14 # text = The horned lizard squirts blood from its eyes, sometimes over a metre, at dogs and coyotes; the blood tastes nasty to dogs but not to birds, so it uses this only against dog-like enemies. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 horned horn ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 lizard lizard NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 squirts squirt VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 blood blood NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 6 from from ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _ 8 eyes eye NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:nmod 9 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 10 sometimes sometimes ADV RB PronType=Ind 13 advmod _ _ 11 over over ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 metre metre NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 conj _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 at at ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 dogs dog NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:conj 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 coyotes coyote NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 conj _ _ 19 ; ; PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 blood blood NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 22 tastes taste VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:conj 23 nasty nasty ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 xcomp _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=25:amod 24 to to ADP IN _ 25 case _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=25:mark|HaikuPos=PART:TO:_ 25 dogs dog NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obj _ _ 26 but but CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 27 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 29 advmod _ _ 28 to to ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 birds bird NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 conj _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 31 so so ADV RB _ 33 advmod _ _ 32 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nsubj _ _ 33 uses use VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 conj _ _ 34 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 33 obj _ _ 35 only only ADV RB _ 40 advmod _ _ 36 against against ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 37 dog dog NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 obl:unmarked _ _ 38 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 37 punct _ _ 39 like like ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 40 amod _ _ 40 enemies enemy NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 obl _ _ 41 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=22:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **squirt** | present | the horned lizard | blood and a metre | | lizard's eyes | | at dogs and coyotes | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination-Conative»: agent=Agent blood=Theme at dog=Destination | | 2 | **taste** | present | the blood | dogs but birds | | | | nasty *property* | vn seem-109 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Theme dog=Attribute | | 3 | **use** | present | blood | this | | | | against like enemies | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehog…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/13/) - next →: [Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehog…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/)