--- title: Some defences sound like cartoons but are real: a beetle that fires… — Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour · tree and pragmatics description: Some defences sound like cartoons but are real: a beetle that fires boiling chemicals from its bottom with a pop, and a lizard that squirts blood from its eyes. Who acts: defences, beetle, lizard. A sentence of the lesson «Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour» of the biology course of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehog…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/) / 3 # Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour, sentence 3 Some defences sound like cartoons but are real: a beetle that fires boiling chemicals from its bottom with a pop, and a lizard that squirts blood from its eyes. **Who acts:** defences, beetle, lizard · **What happens:** sound, be, fire, boil, squirt · **To what, where:** boiling chemicals, bottom, blood, eyes This is a sentence of the lesson «Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (defences, beetle, lizard), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour.lesson:3 # text = Some defences sound like cartoons but are real: a beetle that fires boiling chemicals from its bottom with a pop, and a lizard that squirts blood from its eyes. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1 1 Some some DET DT PronType=Ind 2 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:det 2 defences defence NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 sound sound VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 like like ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 cartoons cartoon NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 6 but but CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 7 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _ 8 real real ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 conj _ _ 9 : : PUNCT : _ 11 punct _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 beetle beetle NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 appos _ _ 12 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 13 nsubj _ _ 13 fires fire VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 acl:relcl _ _ 14 boiling boil VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 15 amod _ _ 15 chemicals chemical NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 obj _ _ 16 from from ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ _ 18 bottom bottom NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 19 with with ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 pop pop NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 24 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 lizard lizard NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 conj _ _ 26 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 27 nsubj _ _ 27 squirts squirt VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 acl:relcl _ _ 28 blood blood NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 29 from from ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 31 nmod:poss _ _ 31 eyes eye NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obl _ _ 32 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **sound** | present | some defences | | | | | like cartoons | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | | 2 | **is** | present | some defences *not said here* | | | | | real *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **fire** | present | a beetle and a lizard | boiling chemicals | | tortoise's bottom | | with a pop | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent chemical=Theme from bottom=Initial\_Location | | 4 | **boil** | gerund | | | | | | | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 5 | **squirt** | present | a lizard | blood | | tortoise's eyes | | | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent blood=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehog…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/1/) - next →: [Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehog…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/)