--- title: Armadillo armour is made of bone plates covered with tough skin; onl… — Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour · tree and pragmatics description: Armadillo armour is made of bone plates covered with tough skin; only the three-banded armadillo can roll into a full ball, and the nine-banded armadillo almost always has four identical babies. Who acts: banded armadillo. A sentence of the lesson «Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour» --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehog…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/) / 8 # Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour, sentence 8 Armadillo armour is made of bone plates covered with tough skin; only the three-banded armadillo can roll into a full ball, and the nine-banded armadillo almost always has four identical babies. **Who acts:** banded armadillo · **What happens:** make, cover, band, roll, have · **To what, where:** Armadillo armour, bone plates, full ball, nine, four identical babies This is a sentence of the lesson «Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (banded armadillo), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour.lesson:8 # text = Armadillo armour is made of bone plates covered with tough skin; only the three-banded armadillo can roll into a full ball, and the nine-banded armadillo almost always has four identical babies. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Armadillo Armadillo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 armour armour NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 bone bone NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 compound _ _ 7 plates plate NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 8 covered cover VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 acl _ _ 9 with with ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 tough tough ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 skin skin NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 12 ; ; PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 13 only only ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=20:advmod 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 15 three three NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 17 compound _ _ 16 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 15 punct _ _ 17 banded band VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 18 amod _ _ 18 armadillo armadillo NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ _ 19 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 20 aux _ _ 20 roll roll VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:conj 21 into into ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 22 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 23 full full ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 24 ball ball NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 28 nine nine NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 30 nsubj:pass _ _ 29 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 28 punct _ _ 30 banded band VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 31 amod _ _ 31 armadillo armadillo NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 nsubj _ _ 32 almost almost ADV RB _ 33 advmod _ _ 33 always always ADV RB PronType=Tot 34 advmod _ _ 34 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 conj _ _ 35 four four NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 37 nummod _ _ 36 identical identical ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 37 amod _ _ 37 babies baby NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 obj _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | present · passive | | Armadillo armour | | | | of bone plates | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | | 2 | **cover** | participle | | bone plates *not said here* | | | | with tough skin | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with skin=Theme | | 3 | **band** | participle | | | | | | | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **roll** | can | the banded armadillo | | | a full ball | | | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into ball=Destination | | 5 | **band** | participle · passive | | nine | | | | | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: subject=Patient | | 6 | **have** | present | the banded armadillo | four identical babies | | | | always *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baby=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehog…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/7/) - next →: [Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehog…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/)