--- title: A camel's hump stores fat, not water, which gives energy when food i… — Defences: tricks and myths: playing dead, droppi… · tree and pragmatics description: A camel's hump stores fat, not water, which gives energy when food is short, and the hump sags as the fat is used up; camels save water by hardly sweating and making dry dung, and can drink up to 100 litres at once. Who acts: hump, water, food, camels. A sentence of the lesson «Defences: tricks and --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/249-defences-tricks-and-myths-playing-dead-dropping-tails-ink-and-ostriches/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Defences: tricks and myths: playing de…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/249-defences-tricks-and-myths-playing-dead-dropping-tails-ink-and-ostriches/) / 16 # Defences: tricks and myths: playing dead, dropping tails, ink, and do ostriches bury their heads?, sentence 16 A camel's hump stores fat, not water, which gives energy when food is short, and the hump sags as the fat is used up; camels save water by hardly sweating and making dry dung, and can drink up to 100 litres at once. **Who acts:** hump, water, food, camels · **What happens:** store, give, be, sag, use up, save · **To what, where:** fat, energy, water, dry dung This is a sentence of the lesson «Defences: tricks and myths: playing dead, dropping tails, ink, and do ostriches bury their heads?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hump, water, food, camels), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:249-defences-tricks-and-myths-playing-dead-dropping-tails-ink-and-ostriches.lesson:16 # text = A camel's hump stores fat, not water, which gives energy when food is short, and the hump sags as the fat is used up; camels save water by hardly sweating and making dry dung, and can drink up to 100 litres at once. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 249-defences-tricks-and-myths-playing-dead-dropping-tails-ink-and-ostriches.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:det 2 camel camel NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod:poss _ _ 3 's 's PART POS _ 2 case _ _ 4 hump hump NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 5 stores store VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 fat fat NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 8 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 9 advmod _ _ 9 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 conj _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 11 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 12 nsubj _ _ 12 gives give VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 acl:relcl _ _ 13 energy energy NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 14 when when SCONJ WRB _ 17 mark _ _ 15 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ _ 16 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 cop _ _ 17 short short ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 advcl _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 hump hump NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 22 sags sag VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 conj _ _ 23 as as SCONJ IN _ 27 mark _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 fat fat NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nsubj:pass _ _ 26 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 aux:pass _ _ 27 used use VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 22 advcl _ _ 28 up up ADP RP _ 27 compound:prt _ _ 29 ; ; PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 30 camels camel NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nsubj _ _ 31 save save VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 parataxis _ _ 32 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obj _ _ 33 by by SCONJ IN _ 35 mark _ _ 34 hardly hardly ADV RB _ 35 advmod _ _ 35 sweating sweat VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 31 advcl _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 37 making make VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 35 conj _ _ 38 dry dry ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 39 amod _ _ 39 dung dung NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obj _ _ 40 , , PUNCT , _ 43 punct _ _ 41 and and CCONJ CC _ 43 cc _ _ 42 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 43 aux _ _ 43 drink drink VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 31 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=12:conj 44 up up ADP RP _ 43 compound:prt _ _ 45 to to ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 46 100 100 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 47 nummod _ _ 47 litres litre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 43 obl _ _ 48 at at ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 49 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 43 obl _ _ 50 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **store** | present | a camel's hump | fat and water | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fat=Theme | | 2 | **give** | present | water | energy | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme | | 3 | **is** | present | food | | | | | short *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **sag** | present | the hump | | | | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **use up** | present · passive | | the fat | | | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 6 | **save** | present | camels | water | | | | | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme | | 7 | **sweat** | gerund | camels *not said here* | | | | | hardly *property* | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **make** | gerund | camels *not said here* | dry dung | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset dung=Product | | 9 | **drink up** | can | camels *not said here* | | | | | to 100 litres | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:249-defences-tricks-and-myths-playing-dead-dropping-tails-ink-and-ostriches.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Defences: tricks and myths: playing de…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/249-defences-tricks-and-myths-playing-dead-dropping-tails-ink-and-ostriches/15/) - next →: [Plants deeper: roots and how they drin…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/250-plants-deeper-roots-and-how-they-drink-hold-and-push/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/249-defences-tricks-and-myths-playing-dead-dropping-tails-ink-and-ostriches/)