---
title: Squids and octopuses squirt ink to hide or to make a blob shaped lik… — Defences: tricks and myths: playing dead, droppi… · tree and pragmatics
description: Squids and octopuses squirt ink to hide or to make a blob shaped like a fake squid, the ink can dull a predator's senses of smell and taste, and people use squid and cuttlefish ink for writing and in black pasta. Who acts: Squids, ink, people, predator. A sentence of the lesson «Defences: tricks and
---

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# Defences: tricks and myths: playing dead, dropping tails, ink, and do ostriches bury their heads?, sentence 8

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Squids and octopuses squirt ink to hide or to make a blob shaped like a fake squid, the ink can dull a predator's senses of smell and taste, and people use squid and cuttlefish ink for writing and in black pasta.

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**Who acts:** Squids, ink, people, predator · **What happens:** squirt, hide, make, shape, dull, use · **To what, where:** ink, blob, senses, squid ink, smell

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Defences: tricks and myths: playing dead, dropping tails, ink, and do ostriches bury their heads?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Squids, ink, people, predator), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:249-defences-tricks-and-myths-playing-dead-dropping-tails-ink-and-ostriches.lesson:8
# text = Squids and octopuses squirt ink to hide or to make a blob shaped like a fake squid, the ink can dull a predator's senses of smell and taste, and people use squid and cuttlefish ink for writing and in black pasta.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 249-defences-tricks-and-myths-playing-dead-dropping-tails-ink-and-ostriches.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Squids	squid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	octopuses	octopus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	squirt	squirt	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	ink	ink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	hide	hide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	blob	blob	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	shaped	shape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl	_	_
14	like	like	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	fake	fake	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	squid	squid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	ink	ink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
21	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	dull	dull	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	predator	predator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod:poss	_	_
25	's	's	PART	POS	_	24	case	_	_
26	senses	sense	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obj	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	taste	taste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	conj	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
33	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	nsubj	_	_
34	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
35	squid	squid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	compound	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
37	cuttlefish	cuttlefish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	conj	_	_
38	ink	ink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obj	_	_
39	for	for	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	_
41	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
42	in	in	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
43	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	44	amod	_	_
44	pasta	pasta	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	conj	_	_
45	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **squirt** | present | Squids and octopuses | ink |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent ink=Theme |
| 2 | **hide** | to-infinitive | Squids and octopuses *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **make** | to-infinitive | Squids and octopuses *not said here* | a blob |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset blob=Product |
| 4 | **shape** | participle |  | a blob *not said here* |  |  |  | like a fake squid | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 5 | **dull** | can | the ink | a predator's senses of smell and taste |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent sense=Patient |
| 6 | **use** | present | people | squid ink |  |  |  | for writing and black pasta | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent ink=Theme for writing=Eventuality |
| 7 | **sense** |  | a predator | smell and taste |  |  |  |  | nom sense «cognition transitive»: poss=agent of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:249-defences-tricks-and-myths-playing-dead-dropping-tails-ink-and-ostriches.lesson:8`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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