--- title: Every zebra has its own stripe pattern, and the best evidence says t… — Horses, zebras and donkeys · tree and pragmatics description: Every zebra has its own stripe pattern, and the best evidence says the stripes help keep biting flies from landing. Who acts: zebra, best evidence, stripes, distance. A sentence of the lesson «Horses, zebras and donkeys» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/25-horses-zebras-and-donkeys/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Horses, zebras and donkeys](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/25-horses-zebras-and-donkeys/) / 11 # Horses, zebras and donkeys, sentence 11 Every zebra has its own stripe pattern, and the best evidence says the stripes help keep biting flies from landing. **Who acts:** zebra, best evidence, stripes, distance · **What happens:** have, say, help, keep, bite, pattern · **To what, where:** own stripe pattern, biting flies, landing · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Horses, zebras and donkeys» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (zebra, best evidence, stripes, distance), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:025-horses-zebras-and-donkeys.lesson:11 # text = Every zebra has its own stripe pattern, and the best evidence says the stripes help keep biting flies from landing. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 025-horses-zebras-and-donkeys.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2 1 Every every DET DT PronType=Tot 2 det _ _ 2 zebra zebra NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 5 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 6 stripe stripe NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 compound _ _ 7 pattern pattern NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 best good ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 12 amod _ _ 12 evidence evidence NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ _ 13 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 stripes stripe NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ _ 16 help help VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 ccomp _ _ 17 keep keep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 xcomp _ _ 18 biting bite VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 19 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=17:xcomp 19 flies fly NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=18:obj 20 from from ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 landing landing NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nmod _ _ 22 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | every zebra | distance's own stripe pattern | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pattern=Patient | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the best evidence | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **help** | present | the stripes | | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 4 | **keep** | infinitive | the stripes *not said here* | | biting flies | landing | | | vn forbid-64.4 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer fly=Beneficiary from landing=Eventuality | | 5 | **bite** | gerund | | | | | | | vn swat-18.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **pattern** | | distance | | | | | | nom pattern «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:025-horses-zebras-and-donkeys.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Horses, zebras and donkeys, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/25-horses-zebras-and-donkeys/10/) - next →: [Horses, zebras and donkeys, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/25-horses-zebras-and-donkeys/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/25-horses-zebras-and-donkeys/)