--- title: Horses roll to scratch itches and coat themselves in dust, but a hor… — Horses, zebras and donkeys · tree and pragmatics description: Horses roll to scratch itches and coat themselves in dust, but a horse that rolls a lot and seems in pain may have colic, so owners call a vet. Who acts: Horses, horse, owners. A sentence of the lesson «Horses, zebras and donkeys» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/25-horses-zebras-and-donkeys/17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Horses, zebras and donkeys](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/25-horses-zebras-and-donkeys/) / 17 # Horses, zebras and donkeys, sentence 17 Horses roll to scratch itches and coat themselves in dust, but a horse that rolls a lot and seems in pain may have colic, so owners call a vet. **Who acts:** Horses, horse, owners · **What happens:** roll, scratch, coat, seem, have, call · **To what, where:** itches, lot, colic, vet · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Horses, zebras and donkeys» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Horses, horse, owners), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:025-horses-zebras-and-donkeys.lesson:17 # text = Horses roll to scratch itches and coat themselves in dust, but a horse that rolls a lot and seems in pain may have colic, so owners call a vet. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 025-horses-zebras-and-donkeys.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Horses horse NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 roll roll VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 to to PART TO _ 4 mark _ _ 4 scratch scratch VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:xcomp 5 itches itch NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 7 coat coat VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 conj _ _ 8 themselves themselves PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 7 obj _ _ 9 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 dust dust NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 12 but but CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 horse horse NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ _ 15 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 16 nsubj _ _ 16 rolls roll VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 acl:relcl _ _ 17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 lot lot NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 20 seems seem VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 conj _ _ 21 in in ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 pain pain NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 23 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 24 aux _ _ 24 have have VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 conj _ _ 25 colic colic NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 27 so so ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 28 owners owner NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 nsubj _ _ 29 call call VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 30 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 vet vet NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obj _ _ 32 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **roll** | present | Horses | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **scratch** | to-infinitive | Horses *not said here* | itches | | | | | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent itch=Theme | | 3 | **coat** | infinitive | Horses *not said here* | itches *= itch* | | | | in dust | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent themselves=Destination in dust=Theme | | 4 | **roll** | present | a horse | a lot | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Agent | | 5 | **seem** | present | a horse *not said here* | | | | | in pain | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Theme in pain=Attribute | | 6 | **have** | may | a horse | colic | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colic=Patient | | 7 | **call** | present | owners | a vet | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent vet=Recipient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:025-horses-zebras-and-donkeys.lesson:17`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Horses, zebras and donkeys, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/25-horses-zebras-and-donkeys/16/) - next →: [Whales, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/26-whales/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/25-horses-zebras-and-donkeys/)