--- title: Horses can sleep standing up because a locking system in their legs,… — Horses, zebras and donkeys · tree and pragmatics description: Horses can sleep standing up because a locking system in their legs, the stay apparatus, holds them up, though they still lie down for short times for deep sleep. Who acts: Horses, locking system, feet. A sentence of the lesson «Horses, zebras and donkeys» of the biology course of Mova's primary sch --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/25-horses-zebras-and-donkeys/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Horses, zebras and donkeys](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/25-horses-zebras-and-donkeys/) / 5 # Horses, zebras and donkeys, sentence 5 Horses can sleep standing up because a locking system in their legs, the stay apparatus, holds them up, though they still lie down for short times for deep sleep. **Who acts:** Horses, locking system, feet · **What happens:** sleep, stand up, hold up, lie down · **To what, where:** feet This is a sentence of the lesson «Horses, zebras and donkeys» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Horses, locking system, feet), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:025-horses-zebras-and-donkeys.lesson:5 # text = Horses can sleep standing up because a locking system in their legs, the stay apparatus, holds them up, though they still lie down for short times for deep sleep. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 025-horses-zebras-and-donkeys.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×4 1 Horses horse NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 sleep sleep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 4 standing stand VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 3 xcomp _ _ 5 up up ADV RB _ 4 compound:prt _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:advmod 6 because because SCONJ IN _ 18 mark _ _ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 8 locking lock NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 compound _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:amod|HaikuPos=VERB:VBG:VerbForm=Ger 9 system system NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 10 in in ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ _ 12 legs leg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nmod _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 15 stay stay NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 compound _ _ 16 apparatus apparatus NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 appos _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:conj 17 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 18 holds hold VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 advcl _ _ 19 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 obj _ _ 20 up up ADP RP _ 18 compound:prt _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 22 though though SCONJ IN _ 25 mark _ _ 23 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nsubj _ _ 24 still still ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 25 lie lie VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 advcl _ _ 26 down down ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=25:compound:prt|HaikuPos=ADP:RP:_ 27 for for ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 short short ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 times time NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 obl _ _ 30 for for ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 deep deep ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 32 sleep sleep NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=29:nmod 33 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **sleep** | can | Horses | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **stand up** | gerund | Horses *not said here* | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **hold up** | present | a locking system in feet's legs | feet *= foot* | | | | | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot they=Theme | | 4 | **lie down** | present | feet *= foot* | | | | still; time | for deep sleep; down *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:025-horses-zebras-and-donkeys.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×4. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Horses, zebras and donkeys, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/25-horses-zebras-and-donkeys/4/) - next →: [Horses, zebras and donkeys, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/25-horses-zebras-and-donkeys/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/25-horses-zebras-and-donkeys/)