--- title: Growing roots push slowly but very strongly, because water pressure… — Plants deeper: roots and how they drink, hold an… · tree and pragmatics description: Growing roots push slowly but very strongly, because water pressure inside many cells pushes like small balloons, and they can crack paving; most tree roots are in the top metre of soil and spread wider than the branches. Who acts: Growing roots, water pressure, gardeners, most tree roots. A sentenc --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/250-plants-deeper-roots-and-how-they-drink-hold-and-push/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Plants deeper: roots and how they drin…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/250-plants-deeper-roots-and-how-they-drink-hold-and-push/) / 8 # Plants deeper: roots and how they drink, hold and push, sentence 8 Growing roots push slowly but very strongly, because water pressure inside many cells pushes like small balloons, and they can crack paving; most tree roots are in the top metre of soil and spread wider than the branches. **Who acts:** Growing roots, water pressure, gardeners, most tree roots · **What happens:** grow, push, crack, be, spread · **To what, where:** paving, top metre This is a sentence of the lesson «Plants deeper: roots and how they drink, hold and push» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Growing roots, water pressure, gardeners, most tree roots), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:250-plants-deeper-roots-and-how-they-drink-hold-and-push.lesson:8 # text = Growing roots push slowly but very strongly, because water pressure inside many cells pushes like small balloons, and they can crack paving; most tree roots are in the top metre of soil and spread wider than the branches. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 250-plants-deeper-roots-and-how-they-drink-hold-and-push.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Growing grow VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 2 amod _ _ 2 roots root NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 push push VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 slowly slowly ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 5 but but CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 6 very very ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 7 strongly strongly ADV RB _ 4 conj _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 9 because because SCONJ IN _ 15 mark _ _ 10 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 compound _ _ 11 pressure pressure NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 12 inside inside ADP IN _ 14 case _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=14:case|HaikuPos=ADP:RB:_ 13 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 cells cell NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nmod _ _ 15 pushes push VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 advcl _ _ 16 like like ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 balloons balloon NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=15:nmod 19 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 21 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ _ 22 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 23 aux _ _ 23 crack crack VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 15 conj _ _ 24 paving pave NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 25 ; ; PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 26 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 28 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=28:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RBS:Degree=Sup 27 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 compound _ _ 28 roots root NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 nsubj _ _ 29 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 33 cop _ _ 30 in in ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 32 top top ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 amod _ _ 33 metre metre NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 parataxis _ _ 34 of of ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 soil soil NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nmod _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 37 spread spread VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 33 conj _ _ 38 wider wide ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 37 advmod _ _ 39 than than ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 branches branch NOUN NNS Number=Plur 38 obl _ _ 42 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **grow** | gerund | | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **push** | present | Growing roots | | | | | slowly *property* | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **push** | present | water pressure inside many cells | | | | | like small balloons | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **crack** | can | gardeners *= gardener* | paving | | | | | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location pave=Theme | | 5 | **is** | present | most tree roots | | | the top metre | | of soil | tree rules | | 6 | **spread** | present | most tree roots *not said here* | | | | | wide *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:250-plants-deeper-roots-and-how-they-drink-hold-and-push.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Plants deeper: roots and how they drin…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/250-plants-deeper-roots-and-how-they-drink-hold-and-push/7/) - next →: [Plants deeper: roots and how they drin…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/250-plants-deeper-roots-and-how-they-drink-hold-and-push/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/250-plants-deeper-roots-and-how-they-drink-hold-and-push/)