--- title: Water rises in a tree because leaves lose water into the air and pul… — Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and strangest… · tree and pragmatics description: Water rises in a tree because leaves lose water into the air and pull up a chain of water through thin tubes; water sticks together like a rope, and scientists think trees cannot grow much taller than about 120 to 130 metres. Who acts: Water, leaves, scientists, trees. A sentence of the lesson «Plan --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees/10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees/) / 10 # Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and strangest trees, sentence 10 Water rises in a tree because leaves lose water into the air and pull up a chain of water through thin tubes; water sticks together like a rope, and scientists think trees cannot grow much taller than about 120 to 130 metres. **Who acts:** Water, leaves, scientists, trees · **What happens:** rise, lose, pull up, stick together, think, not grow · **To what, where:** tree, water, air, chain, thin tubes · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and strangest trees» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Water, leaves, scientists, trees), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees.lesson:10 # text = Water rises in a tree because leaves lose water into the air and pull up a chain of water through thin tubes; water sticks together like a rope, and scientists think trees cannot grow much taller than about 120 to 130 metres. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 rises rise VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 in in ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 6 because because SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _ 7 leaves leaf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 8 lose lose VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 advcl _ _ 9 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ _ 10 into into ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 14 pull pull VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=8:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 15 up up ADP RP _ 14 compound:prt _ _ 16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 chain chain NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ _ 18 of of ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nmod _ _ 20 through through ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 thin thin ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod _ _ 22 tubes tube NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obl _ _ 23 ; ; PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 24 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ _ 25 sticks stick VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj 26 together together ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 27 like like ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 rope rope NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 32 scientists scientist NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 nsubj _ _ 33 think think VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 34 trees tree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 nsubj _ _ 35 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 37 aux _ _ 36 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 37 advmod _ _ 37 grow grow VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 33 ccomp _ _ 38 much much ADV RB _ 39 advmod _ _ 39 taller tall ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 37 xcomp _ _ 40 than than ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 41 about about ADV RB _ 42 advmod _ _ 42 120 120 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 45 nummod _ _ 43 to to ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 44 130 130 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 42 nmod _ _ 45 metres metre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 39 obl _ _ 46 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **rise** | present | Water | | | a tree | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in tree=Location | | 2 | **lose** | present | leaves | water | | the air | | | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Eventuality | | 3 | **pull up** | present | leaves *not said here* | a chain of water | | thin tubes | | | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chain=Theme | | 4 | **stick together** | present | water | | | | | like a rope; together *property* | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | | 5 | **think** *speech: other* | present | scientists | | | | | | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 6 | **not** **grow** | can | trees | | | | | tall *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees.lesson:10`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees/9/) - next →: [Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees/11/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees/)