--- title: Some British yews may be 2,000 years old or more, like the Fortingal… — Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and strangest… · tree and pragmatics description: Some British yews may be 2,000 years old or more, like the Fortingall Yew in Scotland, but their age is hard to measure because they grow new trunks inside hollow old ones; almost all of a yew is poisonous except the red flesh of the berry. Who acts: British yews, age, yews, all. A sentence of the l --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees/) / 12 # Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and strangest trees, sentence 12 Some British yews may be 2,000 years old or more, like the Fortingall Yew in Scotland, but their age is hard to measure because they grow new trunks inside hollow old ones; almost all of a yew is poisonous except the red flesh of the berry. **Who acts:** British yews, age, yews, all · **What happens:** be, measure, grow · **To what, where:** new trunks This is a sentence of the lesson «Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and strangest trees» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (British yews, age, yews, all), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees.lesson:12 # text = Some British yews may be 2,000 years old or more, like the Fortingall Yew in Scotland, but their age is hard to measure because they grow new trunks inside hollow old ones; almost all of a yew is poisonous except the red flesh of the berry. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Some some DET DT PronType=Ind 3 det _ _ 2 British British ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 yews yew NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 4 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 8 aux _ _ 5 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 8 cop _ _ 6 2,000 2000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 7 nummod _ _ 7 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl:unmarked _ _ 8 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 9 or or CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 8 conj _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 12 like like ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 14 Fortingall Fortingall PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 compound _ _ 15 Yew yew PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 obl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=8:obl|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 16 in in ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 Scotland Scotland PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 nmod _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 19 but but CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 20 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ _ 21 age age NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ _ 22 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 cop _ _ 23 hard hard ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 conj _ _ 24 to to PART TO _ 25 mark _ _ 25 measure measure VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 23 csubj _ _ 26 because because SCONJ IN _ 28 mark _ _ 27 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 28 grow grow VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 advcl _ _ 29 new new ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 trunks trunk NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 obj _ _ 31 inside inside ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 32 hollow hollow ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 amod _ _ 33 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 amod _ _ 34 ones one NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=30:nmod 35 ; ; PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 36 almost almost ADV RB _ 37 advmod _ _ 37 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 42 nsubj _ _ 38 of of ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 39 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 yew yew NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 nmod _ _ 41 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 42 cop _ _ 42 poisonous poisonous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 conj _ _ 43 except except ADP IN _ 46 case _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 46 det _ _ 45 red red ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 46 amod _ _ 46 flesh flesh NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 obl _ _ 47 of of ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 48 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 49 det _ _ 49 berry berry NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 nmod _ _ 50 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | may | some British yews | | | | year | like the Fortingall Yew in Scotland; old *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **be** | | some British yews *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **is** | present | yews's age | | | | | hard *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **measure** | to-infinitive | | | | | | | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **grow** | present | yews *= yew* | new trunks | | | | inside hollow old ones | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location trunk=Theme | | 6 | **is** | present | all | | | | | except the red flesh of the berry; poisonous *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees/11/) - next →: [Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees/)