--- title: Bonsai are ordinary trees kept small by careful cutting of roots and… — Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and strangest… · tree and pragmatics description: Bonsai are ordinary trees kept small by careful cutting of roots and branches in small pots, not special tiny kinds, and some bonsai are hundreds of years old. Who acts: Bonsai, roots. A sentence of the lesson «Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and strangest trees» of the biology course of Mova's p --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees/) / 14 # Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and strangest trees, sentence 14 Bonsai are ordinary trees kept small by careful cutting of roots and branches in small pots, not special tiny kinds, and some bonsai are hundreds of years old. **Who acts:** Bonsai, roots · **What happens:** be, keep, cut · **To what, where:** ordinary trees This is a sentence of the lesson «Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and strangest trees» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bonsai, roots), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees.lesson:14 # text = Bonsai are ordinary trees kept small by careful cutting of roots and branches in small pots, not special tiny kinds, and some bonsai are hundreds of years old. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Bonsai bonsai NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:compound 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 3 ordinary ordinary ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 trees tree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 5 kept keep VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 acl _ _ 6 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 xcomp _ _ 7 by by ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 careful careful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 cutting cutting NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:obl 10 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 roots root NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nmod _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 branches branch NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 conj _ _ 14 in in ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 pots pot NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nmod _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 18 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 21 advmod _ _ 19 special special ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 20 tiny tiny ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 kinds kind NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 conj _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 24 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 25 det _ _ 25 bonsai bonsai NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 conj _ _ 26 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 cop _ _ 27 hundreds hundred NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 obl:unmarked _ _ 28 of of ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nmod _ _ 30 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 conj _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Bonsai | ordinary trees and some bonsai | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **keep** | participle | | ordinary trees and some bonsai *not said here* | | | | by careful cutting of roots and branches in small pots and special tiny kinds; small *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent by cutting=Location | | 3 | **is** | present | Bonsai *not said here* | | | | | hundreds of years *obl:unmarked*; old *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **cut** | | roots and branches in small pots and special tiny kinds | | | | | | nom cutting «act intransitive»: of=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees/13/) - next →: [Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees/)