--- title: The oldest trees are often not the biggest but the toughest: twisted… — Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and strangest… · tree and pragmatics description: The oldest trees are often not the biggest but the toughest: twisted, half-dead bristlecone pines on cold dry mountains have lived for nearly 5,000 years. Who acts: oldest trees, dead bristlecone pines. A sentence of the lesson «Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and strangest trees» of the biology --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees/) / 2 # Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and strangest trees, sentence 2 The oldest trees are often not the biggest but the toughest: twisted, half-dead bristlecone pines on cold dry mountains have lived for nearly 5,000 years. **Who acts:** oldest trees, dead bristlecone pines · **What happens:** not be, be, live This is a sentence of the lesson «Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and strangest trees» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (oldest trees, dead bristlecone pines), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees.lesson:2 # text = The oldest trees are often not the biggest but the toughest: twisted, half-dead bristlecone pines on cold dry mountains have lived for nearly 5,000 years. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 oldest old ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 3 amod _ _ 3 trees tree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 4 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _ 5 often often ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 6 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 8 advmod _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 biggest big ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 0 root _ _ 9 but but CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 toughest tough ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 8 conj _ _ 12 : : PUNCT : _ 13 punct _ _ 13 twisted twisted ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 parataxis _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 15 half half ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac 17 advmod _ _ 16 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 15 punct _ _ 17 dead dead ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 18 bristlecone bristlecone NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 compound _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=19:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 19 pines pine NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 nsubj _ _ 20 on on ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 21 cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 22 dry dry ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 23 mountains mountain NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 nmod _ _ 24 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 aux _ _ 25 lived live VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 11 parataxis _ _ 26 for for ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 27 nearly nearly ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 28 5,000 5000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 29 nummod _ _ 29 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 obl _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **is** | present | the oldest trees | | | | | big, often *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **be** | | the oldest trees *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **live** | present · perfect | dead bristlecone pines on cold dry mountains | | | | year | | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees/1/) - next →: [Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees/)