--- title: Nerve cells carry messages fast from one part of the body to another… — The microscopic world: cells, the building block… · tree and pragmatics description: Nerve cells carry messages fast from one part of the body to another, and some are very long; one runs from the bottom of your spine to your big toe, about a metre, and a giraffe has nerve cells several metres long. Who acts: Nerve cells, some, one, giraffe. A sentence of the lesson «The microscopic --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/256-the-microscopic-world-cells-the-building-blocks-of-life/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The microscopic world: cells, the buil…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/256-the-microscopic-world-cells-the-building-blocks-of-life/) / 12 # The microscopic world: cells, the building blocks of life, sentence 12 Nerve cells carry messages fast from one part of the body to another, and some are very long; one runs from the bottom of your spine to your big toe, about a metre, and a giraffe has nerve cells several metres long. **Who acts:** Nerve cells, some, one, giraffe · **What happens:** carry, be, run, have · **To what, where:** messages, one part, metre, bottom, nerve cells This is a sentence of the lesson «The microscopic world: cells, the building blocks of life» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nerve cells, some, one, giraffe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:256-the-microscopic-world-cells-the-building-blocks-of-life.lesson:12 # text = Nerve cells carry messages fast from one part of the body to another, and some are very long; one runs from the bottom of your spine to your big toe, about a metre, and a giraffe has nerve cells several metres long. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 256-the-microscopic-world-cells-the-building-blocks-of-life.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×2, R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 Nerve nerve NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 cells cell NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 carry carry VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 messages message NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 5 fast fast ADV RB Degree=Pos 3 advmod _ _ 6 from from ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 8 nummod _ _ 8 part part NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 12 to to ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 another another DET DT PronType=Ind 3 obl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=3:obl|HaikuPos=PRON:DT:PronType=Ind 14 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 16 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 19 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=19:nsubj|HaikuPos=PRON:DT:PronType=Ind 17 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 cop _ _ 18 very very ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 19 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 conj _ _ 20 ; ; PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 21 one one PRON CD _ 22 nsubj _ _ 22 runs run VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=19:conj 23 from from ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 bottom bottom NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=22:nmod 26 of of ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ _ 28 spine spine NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 29 to to ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 30 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ _ 31 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 32 toe toe NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=28:nmod 33 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 34 about about ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=36:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 35 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 metre metre NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=28:conj 37 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 39 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 giraffe giraffe NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 nsubj _ _ 41 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=19:conj 42 nerve nerve NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 compound _ _ 43 cells cell NOUN NNS Number=Plur 41 obj _ _ 44 several several ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 45 amod _ _ 45 metres metre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 46 obl:unmarked _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=41:obl:unmarked 46 long long ADV RB Degree=Pos 41 advmod _ _ 47 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **carry** | present | Nerve cells | messages | | one part of the body | | to another; fast *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent message=Theme from part=Initial\_Location to another=Destination | | 2 | **is** | present | some | | | | | long *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **run** | present | one | a metre | | the bottom of your spine | | to your big toe *result* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to toe=Result | | 4 | **have** | present | a giraffe | nerve cells | | | | long *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cell=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:256-the-microscopic-world-cells-the-building-blocks-of-life.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×2, R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The microscopic world: cells, the buil…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/256-the-microscopic-world-cells-the-building-blocks-of-life/11/) - next →: [The microscopic world: cells, the buil…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/256-the-microscopic-world-cells-the-building-blocks-of-life/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/256-the-microscopic-world-cells-the-building-blocks-of-life/)