--- title: When your friend sneezes and you catch his cold, viruses in tiny dro… — The microscopic world: viruses and vaccines · tree and pragmatics description: When your friend sneezes and you catch his cold, viruses in tiny drops got into the cells of your nose, and soon those cells were busy making more viruses instead of doing their own job. Who acts: friend, you, viruses, cells. A sentence of the lesson «The microscopic world: viruses and vaccines» of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/258-the-microscopic-world-viruses-and-vaccines/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The microscopic world: viruses and vac…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/258-the-microscopic-world-viruses-and-vaccines/) / 2 # The microscopic world: viruses and vaccines, sentence 2 When your friend sneezes and you catch his cold, viruses in tiny drops got into the cells of your nose, and soon those cells were busy making more viruses instead of doing their own job. **Who acts:** friend, you, viruses, cells, drops · **What happens:** sneeze, catch, get, be, make, do · **To what, where:** cold, cells, more viruses, own job This is a sentence of the lesson «The microscopic world: viruses and vaccines» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (friend, you, viruses, cells), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:258-the-microscopic-world-viruses-and-vaccines.lesson:2 # text = When your friend sneezes and you catch his cold, viruses in tiny drops got into the cells of your nose, and soon those cells were busy making more viruses instead of doing their own job. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 258-the-microscopic-world-viruses-and-vaccines.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2 1 When when SCONJ WRB _ 4 mark _ _ 2 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ _ 3 friend friend NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 sneezes sneeze VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=7:advcl 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 6 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ _ 7 catch catch VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=15:advcl 8 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ _ 9 cold cold NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 11 viruses virus NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ _ 12 in in ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 tiny tiny ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 drops drop NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nmod _ _ 15 got get VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 16 into into ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 cells cell NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obl _ _ 19 of of ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ _ 21 nose nose NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nmod _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 24 soon soon ADV RB Degree=Pos 28 advmod _ _ 25 those that DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 26 det _ _ 26 cells cell NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 nsubj _ _ 27 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 28 cop _ _ 28 busy busy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 conj _ _ 29 making make VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 28 advcl _ _ 30 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 31 amod _ _ 31 viruses virus NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 obj _ _ 32 instead instead ADV RB ExtPos=SCONJ 34 mark _ _ 33 of of ADP IN _ 32 fixed _ _ 34 doing do VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 29 advcl _ _ 35 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 37 nmod:poss _ _ 36 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 37 amod _ _ 37 job job NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obj _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 15 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: neg - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **sneeze** | present | your friend | | | | | | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **catch** | present | you | friend's cold | | | | | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cold=Theme | | 3 | **get** | past | viruses in tiny drops | | | the cells of your nose | | | vn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into cell=Destination | | 4 | **is** | past | that cells | | | | | busy, soon *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **make** | gerund | that cells *not said here* | more viruses | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset virus=Product | | 6 | **do** | gerund | that cells *not said here* | drops's own job | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Eventuality | | 7 | **job** | | drops *= drop* | | | | | | nom job «act intransitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:258-the-microscopic-world-viruses-and-vaccines.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The microscopic world: viruses and vac…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/258-the-microscopic-world-viruses-and-vaccines/1/) - next →: [The microscopic world: viruses and vac…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/258-the-microscopic-world-viruses-and-vaccines/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/258-the-microscopic-world-viruses-and-vaccines/)