--- title: Whale tails move up and down, while fish tails move side to side, an… — Whales · tree and pragmatics description: Whale tails move up and down, while fish tails move side to side, and humpbacks can be recognised by the pattern under their flukes. Who acts: Whale tails, fish tails, side, pattern. A sentence of the lesson «Whales» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pra --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/26-whales/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Whales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/26-whales/) / 13 # Whales, sentence 13 Whale tails move up and down, while fish tails move side to side, and humpbacks can be recognised by the pattern under their flukes. **Who acts:** Whale tails, fish tails, side, pattern · **What happens:** move up, move, side, recognise · **To what, where:** side, humpbacks This is a sentence of the lesson «Whales» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Whale tails, fish tails, side, pattern), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:026-whales.lesson:13 # text = Whale tails move up and down, while fish tails move side to side, and humpbacks can be recognised by the pattern under their flukes. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 026-whales.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3 1 Whale whale NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 tails tail NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 move move VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 up up ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 6 down down ADV RB _ 4 conj _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 8 while while SCONJ IN _ 11 mark _ _ 9 fish fish NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 compound _ _ 10 tails tail NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nsubj _ _ 11 move move VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 12 side side NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=11:obj 13 to to ADP IN _ 14 case _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=14:mark|HaikuPos=PART:TO:_ 14 side side VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 acl _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 17 humpbacks humpback NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 nsubj _ _ 18 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 20 aux _ _ 19 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 20 aux:pass _ _ 20 recognised recognise VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 11 conj _ _ 21 by by ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 pattern pattern NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 24 under under ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ _ 26 flukes fluke NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nmod _ _ 27 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **move up** | present | Whale tails | | | | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **move** | present | fish tails | side | | | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **side** | infinitive | side *not said here* | | | | | | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **recognise** | can · passive | the pattern under humpbacks's flukes | humpbacks | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer subject=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:026-whales.lesson:13`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Whales, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/26-whales/12/) - next →: [Whales, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/26-whales/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/26-whales/)