---
title: Whales breathe through a blowhole on top of the head, and the spout… — Whales · tree and pragmatics
description: Whales breathe through a blowhole on top of the head, and the spout is warm wet breath forming a cloud of mist. Who acts: Whales, spout, warm wet breath. A sentence of the lesson «Whales» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Whales, sentence 7

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Whales breathe through a blowhole on top of the head, and the spout is warm wet breath forming a cloud of mist.

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**Who acts:** Whales, spout, warm wet breath · **What happens:** breathe, be, form, cloud · **To what, where:** blowhole, warm wet breath, cloud, mist

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Whales» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Whales, spout, warm wet breath), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:026-whales.lesson:7
# text = Whales breathe through a blowhole on top of the head, and the spout is warm wet breath forming a cloud of mist.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 026-whales.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1
1	Whales	whale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	breathe	breathe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	through	through	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	blowhole	blowhole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=2:punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	spout	spout	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
16	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
17	wet	wet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
19	forming	form	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	acl	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	cloud	cloud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	mist	mist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **breathe** | present | Whales |  |  | a blowhole on top of the head |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the spout | warm wet breath |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **form** | gerund | warm wet breath *not said here* | a cloud of mist |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cloud=Theme |
| 4 | **cloud** |  |  | mist |  |  |  |  | nom cloud «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:026-whales.lesson:7`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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