--- title: The human body deeper: lungs, stomach and guts — a lesson of Mova's school · trees and pragmatics description: «The human body deeper: lungs, stomach and guts», a lesson of the biology course of Mova's primary school, sentence by sentence with dependency trees and pragmatics. It begins: Under your lungs lies a dome of muscle called the diaphragm; when it pulls down, air rushes into your lungs, and when it re --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/262-human-body-deeper-lungs-stomach-and-guts/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / The human body deeper: lungs, stomach… # The human body deeper: lungs, stomach and guts Lesson 262 of the biology course of Mova's primary school: 19 sentences, each with its syntax tree and pragmatics. The lessons are written for Mova, and their agreed trees are part of Mova corpus 0.4 (CC BY-SA 4.0). How Mova does on its tests: [the lesson at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/262-human-body-deeper-lungs-stomach-and-guts/). - [0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/262-human-body-deeper-lungs-stomach-and-guts/0/) — Under your lungs lies a dome of muscle called the diaphragm; when it pulls down, air rushes into your lungs, and when it relaxes, air flows back out, about 20,000 times a day without you thinking about it. - [1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/262-human-body-deeper-lungs-stomach-and-guts/1/) — Inside the lungs the air pipes branch like an upside-down tree and end in hundreds of millions of tiny air sacs, where oxygen slips into the blood through very thin walls and carbon dioxide slips out. - [2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/262-human-body-deeper-lungs-stomach-and-guts/2/) — Food takes a long journey: the stomach churns it in strong acid, then the small intestine, about 6 metres of tube folded up in your belly, soaks it into the blood through millions of tiny finger-like bumps. - [3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/262-human-body-deeper-lungs-stomach-and-guts/3/) — That rumble before lunch is your stomach and guts squeezing gas and liquid along in waves, and they keep squeezing even when they are empty. - [4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/262-human-body-deeper-lungs-stomach-and-guts/4/) — In cartoons, Tom swallows something and you can see its shape sliding down inside him, and gum is said to stay in your stomach for seven years; in real life your gut keeps everything moving, and swallowed gum comes out in a few days. - [5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/262-human-body-deeper-lungs-stomach-and-guts/5/) — The diaphragm, a dome of muscle under the lungs, pulls down to suck air in, and hiccups are sudden jumps of the diaphragm. - [6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/262-human-body-deeper-lungs-stomach-and-guts/6/) — An adult's lungs hold several litres of air, but a normal breath is only about half a litre, and you breathe about 20,000 times a day. - [7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/262-human-body-deeper-lungs-stomach-and-guts/7/) — The lungs have about 500 million tiny air sacs called alveoli, and spread out flat their surface would cover roughly half a tennis court; so many tiny sacs give far more surface for oxygen to pass through than one big bag could. - [8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/262-human-body-deeper-lungs-stomach-and-guts/8/) — Oxygen passes into the blood through the thin walls of the air sacs, and carbon dioxide passes out to be breathed away. - [9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/262-human-body-deeper-lungs-stomach-and-guts/9/) — Breath is warm and carries water vapour, which turns into tiny droplets you can see as a cloud in cold air. - [10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/262-human-body-deeper-lungs-stomach-and-guts/10/) — Tobacco smoke coats the lungs with tar and damages the tiny hairs that clean them, causing cancer, heart disease and breathing problems; smokers' lungs turn dark grey, while healthy lungs are pink. - [12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/262-human-body-deeper-lungs-stomach-and-guts/12/) — Swallowed chewing gum is not digested but passes through in a few days; swallowing lots at once can block the gut, so gum belongs in a bin. - [13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/262-human-body-deeper-lungs-stomach-and-guts/13/) — Stomach acid is very strong and kills germs and breaks down food, and a thick layer of slime stops the stomach from digesting itself; the lining replaces itself every few days. - [14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/262-human-body-deeper-lungs-stomach-and-guts/14/) — The small intestine of an adult is about 6 metres long, though books give different lengths, and tiny finger-like bumps called villi soak food into the blood; the long, bumpy tube gives a huge surface for soaking up food. - [15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/262-human-body-deeper-lungs-stomach-and-guts/15/) — A meal takes from about one to three days to travel all the way through the gut. - [16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/262-human-body-deeper-lungs-stomach-and-guts/16/) — In 1822 Alexis St. - [17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/262-human-body-deeper-lungs-stomach-and-guts/17/) — Martin was shot, and his wound healed leaving a hole into his stomach; the doctor William Beaumont put food on strings through it to watch digestion; today tests on people have careful rules, and patients must be kept safe and must freely agree. - [18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/262-human-body-deeper-lungs-stomach-and-guts/18/) — Fizzy drinks hold carbon dioxide gas, which bubbles out in the warm stomach and escapes upwards as a burp; in space, burping is tricky because gas and food do not separate without gravity. - [19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/262-human-body-deeper-lungs-stomach-and-guts/19/) — The liver, weighing about 1.5 kilograms, is the biggest organ inside the body, does over 500 jobs such as cleaning the blood and storing energy, and can grow back from a part left behind. - ← previous: [The human body deeper: the heart and blood in amazing numbers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/261-human-body-deeper-heart-and-blood/) - next →: [The human body deeper: bones, muscles and skin](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/263-human-body-deeper-bones-muscles-and-skin/) - ↑ back to [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/)