--- title: Wildlife filmmakers wait quietly in hides for weeks or months and us… — How scientists find out: naturalists, Darwin, th… · tree and pragmatics description: Wildlife filmmakers wait quietly in hides for weeks or months and use hidden cameras, drones and night cameras so as not to disturb animals; a single minute of film can take weeks. Who acts: Wildlife filmmakers, single minute. A sentence of the lesson «How scientists find out: naturalists, Darwin, t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/264-how-scientists-find-out-naturalists-darwin-the-microscope-and-wildlife-filming/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [How scientists find out: naturalists,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/264-how-scientists-find-out-naturalists-darwin-the-microscope-and-wildlife-filming/) / 11 # How scientists find out: naturalists, Darwin, the microscope and wildlife filming, sentence 11 Wildlife filmmakers wait quietly in hides for weeks or months and use hidden cameras, drones and night cameras so as not to disturb animals; a single minute of film can take weeks. **Who acts:** Wildlife filmmakers, single minute · **What happens:** wait, use, not disturb, take · **To what, where:** hides, hidden cameras, animals This is a sentence of the lesson «How scientists find out: naturalists, Darwin, the microscope and wildlife filming» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wildlife filmmakers, single minute), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:264-how-scientists-find-out-naturalists-darwin-the-microscope-and-wildlife-filming.lesson:11 # text = Wildlife filmmakers wait quietly in hides for weeks or months and use hidden cameras, drones and night cameras so as not to disturb animals; a single minute of film can take weeks. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 264-how-scientists-find-out-naturalists-darwin-the-microscope-and-wildlife-filming.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Wildlife wildlife NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 filmmakers filmmaker NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 wait wait VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 quietly quietly ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 hides hide NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 7 for for ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 weeks week NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:nmod 9 or or CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 months month NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 conj _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 12 use use VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 13 hidden hidden ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 cameras camera NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 16 drones drone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 conj _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 18 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 compound _ _ 19 cameras camera NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 conj _ _ 20 so so SCONJ IN _ 24 mark _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=24:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 21 as as SCONJ IN _ 24 mark _ _ 22 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 24 advmod _ _ 23 to to PART TO _ 24 mark _ _ 24 disturb disturb VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 advcl _ _ 25 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obj _ _ 26 ; ; PUNCT : _ 29 punct _ _ 27 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 28 single single ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 minute minute NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nsubj _ _ 30 of of ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 film film NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nmod _ _ 32 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 33 aux _ _ 33 take take VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 parataxis _ _ 34 weeks week NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 obj _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **wait** | present | Wildlife filmmakers | | | hides | week | quietly *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in hide=Location | | 2 | **use** | present | Wildlife filmmakers *not said here* | hidden cameras and drones and night cameras | | | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent camera=Patient | | 3 | **not** **disturb** | to-infinitive | Wildlife filmmakers *not said here* | animals | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus animal=Experiencer | | 4 | **take** | can | a single minute of film | | | | week | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:264-how-scientists-find-out-naturalists-darwin-the-microscope-and-wildlife-filming.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How scientists find out: naturalists,…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/264-how-scientists-find-out-naturalists-darwin-the-microscope-and-wildlife-filming/10/) - next →: [How scientists find out: naturalists,…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/264-how-scientists-find-out-naturalists-darwin-the-microscope-and-wildlife-filming/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/264-how-scientists-find-out-naturalists-darwin-the-microscope-and-wildlife-filming/)