--- title: A grown T. rex probably could not truly run fast, perhaps 15 to 25 k… — Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know, from tee… · tree and pragmatics description: A grown T. rex probably could not truly run fast, perhaps 15 to 25 kilometres an hour, because its legs would have broken under its weight; young ones were slimmer and faster. Who acts: grown T. rex, young ones. A sentence of the lesson «Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know, from teeth and dung to --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms/10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms/) / 10 # Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know, from teeth and dung to tiny arms, sentence 10 A grown T. rex probably could not truly run fast, perhaps 15 to 25 kilometres an hour, because its legs would have broken under its weight; young ones were slimmer and faster. **Who acts:** grown T. rex, young ones · **What happens:** grow, not run, break, be · **To what, where:** 15 kilometres, legs, weight This is a sentence of the lesson «Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know, from teeth and dung to tiny arms» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (grown T. rex, young ones), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms.lesson:10 # text = A grown T. rex probably could not truly run fast, perhaps 15 to 25 kilometres an hour, because its legs would have broken under its weight; young ones were slimmer and faster. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 2 grown grow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 amod _ _ 3 T. T. PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 4 rex rex NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 5 probably probably ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 6 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 9 aux _ _ 7 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 9 advmod _ _ 8 truly truly ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 9 run run VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=0:root|HaikuPos=VERB:VBP:Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 fast fast ADV RB Degree=Pos 9 advmod _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 12 perhaps perhaps ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 13 15 15 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 16 nummod _ _ 14 to to ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 25 25 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 13 nmod _ _ 16 kilometres kilometre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=18:nmod:unmarked 17 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 hour hour NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl:unmarked _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 20 because because SCONJ IN _ 25 mark _ _ 21 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ _ 22 legs leg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 nsubj:pass _ _ 23 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 25 aux _ _ 24 have have AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 25 aux _ _ 25 broken break VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 9 advcl _ _ 26 under under ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ _ 28 weight weight NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 29 ; ; PUNCT : _ 33 punct _ _ 30 young young ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 31 ones one NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 nsubj _ _ 32 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 33 cop _ _ 33 slimmer slim ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 9 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:conj 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 35 faster fast ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 33 conj _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **grow** | participle | | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **not** **run** | could | a grown T. rex | 15 kilometres | | | hour | fast, perhaps, probably, truly *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **break** | would · perfect · passive | | eater's legs | | eater's weight | | | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 4 | **is** | past | young ones | | | | | slim *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **be** | | young ones *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms.lesson:10`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms/9/) - next →: [Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms/)