--- title: Skin prints show small scales on parts of T. rex, while some smaller… — Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know, from tee… · tree and pragmatics description: Skin prints show small scales on parts of T. rex, while some smaller relatives such as Yutyrannus had feathers; babies may have been fluffy, but this is not known for sure. Who acts: Skin prints, smaller relatives, babies. A sentence of the lesson «Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know, from teeth --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms/) / 14 # Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know, from teeth and dung to tiny arms, sentence 14 Skin prints show small scales on parts of T. rex, while some smaller relatives such as Yutyrannus had feathers; babies may have been fluffy, but this is not known for sure. **Who acts:** Skin prints, smaller relatives, babies · **What happens:** show, have, be, not know · **To what, where:** small scales, parts, feathers, this This is a sentence of the lesson «Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know, from teeth and dung to tiny arms» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Skin prints, smaller relatives, babies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms.lesson:14 # text = Skin prints show small scales on parts of T. rex, while some smaller relatives such as Yutyrannus had feathers; babies may have been fluffy, but this is not known for sure. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Skin skin NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 2 prints print NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 show show VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 scales scale NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 6 on on ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 parts part NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:nmod 8 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 T. t. PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ _ 10 rex rex NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 12 while while SCONJ IN _ 15 mark _ _ 13 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 15 det _ _ 14 smaller small ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 15 amod _ _ 15 relatives relative NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:appos 16 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP 18 case _ _ 17 as as ADP IN _ 16 fixed _ _ 18 Yutyrannus Yutyrannus PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=19:nsubj 19 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=15:acl:relcl 20 feathers feather NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 obj _ _ 21 ; ; PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 22 babies baby NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nsubj _ _ 23 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 26 aux _ _ 24 have have AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 26 aux _ _ 25 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 26 cop _ _ 26 fluffy fluffy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 conj _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 28 but but CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 29 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 32 nsubj:pass _ _ 30 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 aux:pass _ _ 31 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 32 advmod _ _ 32 known know VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 26 conj _ _ 33 for for ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 sure sure ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 obl _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - hedged: yes - teacher: changed hedge=1 | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **show** | present | Skin prints | small scales | | parts of T.'s rex | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent scale=Recipient | | 2 | **have** | past | some smaller relatives such Yutyrannus | feathers | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent feather=Patient | | 3 | **is** | may · perfect | babies | | | | | fluffy *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **not** **know** | present · passive | | this | | | | for sure | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms/13/) - next →: [Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms/)