--- title: Growth lines in T. rex bones show it lived to about 28 to 30 years,… — Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know, from tee… · tree and pragmatics description: Growth lines in T. rex bones show it lived to about 28 to 30 years, and as a teenager it gained up to two kilograms a day. Who acts: Growth lines, coprolite. A sentence of the lesson «Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know, from teeth and dung to tiny arms» of the biology course of Mova's primary sc --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms/) / 16 # Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know, from teeth and dung to tiny arms, sentence 16 Growth lines in T. rex bones show it lived to about 28 to 30 years, and as a teenager it gained up to two kilograms a day. **Who acts:** Growth lines, coprolite · **What happens:** show, live, gain up · **To what, where:** two kilograms · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know, from teeth and dung to tiny arms» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Growth lines, coprolite), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms.lesson:16 # text = Growth lines in T. rex bones show it lived to about 28 to 30 years, and as a teenager it gained up to two kilograms a day. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Growth growth NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 lines line NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ _ 3 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 4 T. T. PROPN NNP _ 6 compound _ _ 5 rex rex NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 compound _ _ 6 bones bone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nmod _ _ 7 show show VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ _ 9 lived live VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 ccomp _ _ 10 to to ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 about about ADV RB _ 12 advmod _ _ 12 28 28 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 9 obl _ _ 13 to to ADP IN _ 14 case _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=15:case 14 30 30 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 15 nummod _ _ 15 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=12:nmod 16 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 18 as as ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 teenager teenager NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 21 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 22 gained gain VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 conj _ _ 23 up up ADP RP _ 22 compound:prt _ _ 24 to to ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 26 nummod _ _ 26 kilograms kilogram NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=22:obl 27 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl:unmarked _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **show** | present | Growth lines in T. rex bones | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **live** | past | coprolite | | | | year | to 28 | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **gain up** | past | coprolite | two kilograms | | | day | as a teenager | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kilogram=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms/15/) - next →: [The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Br…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms/)