--- title: Scientists once thought sauropods had to live in lakes to hold up th… — The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Brachiosauru… · tree and pragmatics description: Scientists once thought sauropods had to live in lakes to hold up their weight, but footprints and leg bones show they walked on dry land. Who acts: Scientists, sauropods, footprints. A sentence of the lesson «The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Brachiosaurus, Argentinosaurus and Brontosaurus» of th --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Br…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods/) / 11 # The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Brachiosaurus, Argentinosaurus and Brontosaurus, sentence 11 Scientists once thought sauropods had to live in lakes to hold up their weight, but footprints and leg bones show they walked on dry land. **Who acts:** Scientists, sauropods, footprints · **What happens:** think, have, live, hold up, show, walk · **To what, where:** lakes, weight, dry land · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Brachiosaurus, Argentinosaurus and Brontosaurus» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Scientists, sauropods, footprints), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods.lesson:11 # text = Scientists once thought sauropods had to live in lakes to hold up their weight, but footprints and leg bones show they walked on dry land. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Scientists scientist NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 3 advmod _ _ 3 thought think VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 sauropods sauropod NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 5 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 6 to to PART TO _ 7 mark _ _ 7 live live VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 xcomp _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 lakes lake NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obl _ _ 10 to to PART TO _ 11 mark _ _ 11 hold hold VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 advcl _ _ 12 up up ADP RP _ 11 compound:prt _ _ 13 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ _ 14 weight weight NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 16 but but CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 17 footprints footprint NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 nsubj _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 19 leg leg NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 compound _ _ 20 bones bone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 conj _ _ 21 show show VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 22 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ _ 23 walked walk VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 21 ccomp _ _ 24 on on ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 dry dry ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 27 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **think** *speech: other* | past | Scientists | | | | | once *property* | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 2 | **have** | past | sauropods | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **live** | to-infinitive | sauropods *not said here* | | | lakes | | | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in lake=Location | | 4 | **hold up** | to-infinitive | sauropods *not said here* | sauropods's weight | | | | | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot weight=Theme | | 5 | **show** | present | footprints and leg bones | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 6 | **walk** | past | sauropods *= sauropod* | | | dry land | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on land=Trajectory | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Br…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods/10/) - next →: [The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Br…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods/)