--- title: A sauropod holding its head high needed a big, powerful heart to pum… — The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Brachiosauru… · tree and pragmatics description: A sauropod holding its head high needed a big, powerful heart to pump blood all the way up to its head, like a giraffe today; this is one reason some scientists think many held their necks low. Who acts: sauropod, this, scientists, many. A sentence of the lesson «The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Br…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods/) / 14 # The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Brachiosaurus, Argentinosaurus and Brontosaurus, sentence 14 A sauropod holding its head high needed a big, powerful heart to pump blood all the way up to its head, like a giraffe today; this is one reason some scientists think many held their necks low. **Who acts:** sauropod, this, scientists, many · **What happens:** hold, need, pump, be, think · **To what, where:** head, big powerful heart, blood, one reason, necks · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Brachiosaurus, Argentinosaurus and Brontosaurus» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sauropod, this, scientists, many), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods.lesson:14 # text = A sauropod holding its head high needed a big, powerful heart to pump blood all the way up to its head, like a giraffe today; this is one reason some scientists think many held their necks low. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 sauropod sauropod NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 3 holding hold VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 2 acl _ _ 4 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ _ 5 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 6 high high ADV RB Degree=Pos 3 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=7:advmod 7 needed need VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 9 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 11 powerful powerful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 heart heart NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 13 to to PART TO _ 14 mark _ _ 14 pump pump VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=12:acl 15 blood blood NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ _ 16 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 18 det:predet _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl:unmarked _ _ 19 up up ADP RP _ 18 compound:prt _ _ 20 to to ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ _ 22 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 24 like like ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 giraffe giraffe NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 27 today today NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nmod:unmarked _ _ 28 ; ; PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 29 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 32 nsubj _ _ 30 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 cop _ _ 31 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 32 nummod _ _ 32 reason reason NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:obl 33 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 34 det _ _ 34 scientists scientist NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 nsubj _ _ 35 think think VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 acl:relcl _ _ 36 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 37 nsubj _ _ 37 held hold VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 35 ccomp _ _ 38 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 39 nmod:poss _ _ 39 necks neck NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 obj _ _ 40 low low ADV RB Degree=Pos 37 advmod _ _ 41 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hold** | gerund | a sauropod *not said here* | middle's head | | | | high *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Theme | | 2 | **need** | past | a sauropod | a big powerful heart | | | | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot heart=Theme | | 3 | **pump** | to-infinitive | a sauropod *not said here* | blood | | | | to middle's head; like a giraffe today; all way *obl:unmarked* | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent blood=Theme | | 4 | **is a** | present | this | one reason | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **think** *speech: other* | present | some scientists | one reason *not said here* | | | | | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent reason=Attribute clause=Theme | | 6 | **hold** | past | many | sauropods's necks | | | | low *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent neck=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Br…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods/13/) - next →: [The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Br…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods/)