--- title: They did not crush themselves because their bones were full of air p… — The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Brachiosauru… · tree and pragmatics description: They did not crush themselves because their bones were full of air pockets, like a bird's, which made the skeleton lighter and helped them breathe. Who acts: tonnes, bones, air pockets. A sentence of the lesson «The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Brachiosaurus, Argentinosaurus and Brontosaurus» of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Br…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods/) / 2 # The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Brachiosaurus, Argentinosaurus and Brontosaurus, sentence 2 They did not crush themselves because their bones were full of air pockets, like a bird's, which made the skeleton lighter and helped them breathe. **Who acts:** tonnes, bones, air pockets · **What happens:** not crush, be, make, help, breathe · **To what, where:** tonnes, skeleton This is a sentence of the lesson «The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Brachiosaurus, Argentinosaurus and Brontosaurus» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tonnes, bones, air pockets), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods.lesson:2 # text = They did not crush themselves because their bones were full of air pockets, like a bird's, which made the skeleton lighter and helped them breathe. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 2 did do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 3 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 4 advmod _ _ 4 crush crush VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 themselves themselves PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 4 obj _ _ 6 because because SCONJ IN _ 10 mark _ _ 7 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _ 8 bones bone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nsubj _ _ 9 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop _ _ 10 full full ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 advcl _ _ 11 of of ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 compound _ _ 13 pockets pocket NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obl _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 15 like like ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 bird bird NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nmod _ _ 18 's 's PART POS _ 17 case _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 20 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 21 nsubj _ _ 21 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 13 acl:relcl _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 skeleton skeleton NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obj _ _ 24 lighter lighter ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 21 xcomp _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 helped help VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 21 conj _ _ 27 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obj _ _ 28 breathe breathe VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 26 xcomp _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **crush** | past · do-support | tonnes *= tonne* | tonnes *= tonne* | | | | | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent themselves=Patient | | 2 | **is** | past | tonnes's bones | | | | | of air pockets like a bird; full *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **make** | past | air pockets like a bird | the skeleton | | | | lighter *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset skeleton=Product | | 4 | **help** | past | air pockets like a bird *not said here* | tonnes *= tonne* | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary clause=Theme | | 5 | **breathe** | infinitive | tonnes *= tonne* *not said here* | | | | | | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Br…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods/1/) - next →: [The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Br…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods/)