---
title: Duck-billed dinosaurs, or hadrosaurs, such as Edmontosaurus had hund… — Horns, frills, plates and clubs: Triceratops, St… · tree and pragmatics
description: Duck-billed dinosaurs, or hadrosaurs, such as Edmontosaurus had hundreds of teeth packed together to grind plants. Who acts: billed dinosaurs. A sentence of the lesson «Horns, frills, plates and clubs: Triceratops, Stegosaurus, Ankylosaurus and the duck-bills» of the biology course of Mova's primary
---

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# Horns, frills, plates and clubs: Triceratops, Stegosaurus, Ankylosaurus and the duck-bills, sentence 12

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Duck-billed dinosaurs, or hadrosaurs, such as Edmontosaurus had hundreds of teeth packed together to grind plants.

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**Who acts:** billed dinosaurs · **What happens:** bill, have, pack, grind · **To what, where:** hundreds, plants

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Horns, frills, plates and clubs: Triceratops, Stegosaurus, Ankylosaurus and the duck-bills» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (billed dinosaurs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:267-horns-frills-plates-and-clubs.lesson:12
# text = Duck-billed dinosaurs, or hadrosaurs, such as Edmontosaurus had hundreds of teeth packed together to grind plants.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 267-horns-frills-plates-and-clubs.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1
1	Duck	duck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	1	punct	_	_
3	billed	bill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	_
4	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	hadrosaurs	hadrosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=12:punct
9	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	11	case	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=11:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	fixed	_	_
11	Edmontosaurus	Edmontosaurus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
12	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	hundreds	hundred	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
16	packed	pack	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl	_	_
17	together	together	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	grind	grind	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	advcl	_	_
20	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bill** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn bill-54.5-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **have** | past | billed dinosaurs or hadrosaurs such Edmontosaurus | hundreds of teeth |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hundred=Patient |
| 3 | **pack** | participle |  | hundreds of teeth *not said here* |  |  |  | together *property* | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **grind** | to-infinitive |  | plants |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plant=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:267-horns-frills-plates-and-clubs.lesson:12`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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