--- title: Pterosaurs, often called pterodactyls, were flying reptiles, close c… — Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, m… · tree and pragmatics description: Pterosaurs, often called pterodactyls, were flying reptiles, close cousins of dinosaurs but not dinosaurs, and the first animals with backbones to fly. Who acts: Pterosaurs. A sentence of the lesson «Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, mosasaurs and Mary Anning» of the biology course of M --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, ples…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning/) / 5 # Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, mosasaurs and Mary Anning, sentence 5 Pterosaurs, often called pterodactyls, were flying reptiles, close cousins of dinosaurs but not dinosaurs, and the first animals with backbones to fly. **Who acts:** Pterosaurs · **What happens:** call, fly, be · **To what, where:** pterodactyls, flying reptiles · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, mosasaurs and Mary Anning» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pterosaurs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning.lesson:5 # text = Pterosaurs, often called pterodactyls, were flying reptiles, close cousins of dinosaurs but not dinosaurs, and the first animals with backbones to fly. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Pterosaurs pterosaur NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ _ 2 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 3 often often ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 1 acl _ _ 5 pterodactyls pterodactyl NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 xcomp _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 7 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 cop _ _ 8 flying fly VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 9 amod _ _ 9 reptiles reptile NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 11 close close ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 cousins cousin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 conj _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 dinosaurs dinosaur NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nmod _ _ 15 but but CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 16 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 17 advmod _ _ 17 dinosaurs dinosaur NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 conj _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 21 first first ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 22 amod _ _ 22 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 conj _ _ 23 with with ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 backbones backbone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 nmod _ _ 25 to to PART TO _ 26 mark _ _ 26 fly fly VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 24 acl _ _ 27 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **call** | participle | Pterosaurs *not said here* | pterodactyls | | | | often *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **fly** | gerund | | | | | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **is a** | past | Pterosaurs | flying reptiles and close cousins of dinosaurs but dinosaurs and the first animals with backbones | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **fly** | to-infinitive | Pterosaurs *not said here* | | | | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, ples…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning/4/) - next →: [Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, ples…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning/)