--- title: Plesiosaurs were sea reptiles with four flippers that died out 66 mi… — Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, m… · tree and pragmatics description: Plesiosaurs were sea reptiles with four flippers that died out 66 million years ago; a fossil mother with a baby inside shows they gave birth in the sea. Who acts: Plesiosaurs, four flippers, fossil mother. A sentence of the lesson «Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, mosasaurs and Mary A --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, ples…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning/) / 8 # Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, mosasaurs and Mary Anning, sentence 8 Plesiosaurs were sea reptiles with four flippers that died out 66 million years ago; a fossil mother with a baby inside shows they gave birth in the sea. **Who acts:** Plesiosaurs, four flippers, fossil mother · **What happens:** be, die out, show, give · **To what, where:** sea reptiles, birth, sea · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, mosasaurs and Mary Anning» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Plesiosaurs, four flippers, fossil mother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning.lesson:8 # text = Plesiosaurs were sea reptiles with four flippers that died out 66 million years ago; a fossil mother with a baby inside shows they gave birth in the sea. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Plesiosaurs plesiosaur NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 2 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 3 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 4 reptiles reptile NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 5 with with ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 four four NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 7 nummod _ _ 7 flippers flipper NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nmod _ _ 8 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 9 nsubj _ _ 9 died die VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 acl:relcl _ _ 10 out out ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 11 66 66 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 12 compound _ _ 12 million million NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 13 nummod _ _ 13 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obl:unmarked _ _ 14 ago ago ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 15 ; ; PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 17 fossil fossil NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 compound _ _ 18 mother mother NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ _ 19 with with ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 baby baby NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nmod _ _ 22 inside inside ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 23 shows show VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 24 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nsubj _ _ 25 gave give VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 ccomp _ _ 26 birth birth NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obj _ _ 27 in in ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | past | Plesiosaurs | sea reptiles | | | | with four flippers | tree rules | | 2 | **die out** | past | four flippers | | | | | ago, out *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 3 | **show** | present | a fossil mother with a baby | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **give** | past | plesiosaurs *= plesiosaur* | birth | | the sea | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent birth=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, ples…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning/7/) - next →: [Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, ples…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning/)