--- title: Woolly mammoths were a bit smaller than an African elephant, with lo… — Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre-tooths, g… · tree and pragmatics description: Woolly mammoths were a bit smaller than an African elephant, with long hair, small ears and curly tusks: small ears and thick fur keep heat in, just as a woolly hat and earmuffs do. Who acts: Woolly mammoths, small ears. A sentence of the lesson «Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre-tooths, ground --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants/) / 1 # Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre-tooths, ground sloths and woolly rhinos, sentence 1 Woolly mammoths were a bit smaller than an African elephant, with long hair, small ears and curly tusks: small ears and thick fur keep heat in, just as a woolly hat and earmuffs do. **Who acts:** Woolly mammoths, small ears · **What happens:** be, keep · **To what, where:** heat This is a sentence of the lesson «Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre-tooths, ground sloths and woolly rhinos» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Woolly mammoths, small ears), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants.lesson:1 # text = Woolly mammoths were a bit smaller than an African elephant, with long hair, small ears and curly tusks: small ears and thick fur keep heat in, just as a woolly hat and earmuffs do. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Woolly woolly ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 mammoths mammoth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _ 3 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 bit bit NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl:unmarked _ _ 6 smaller small ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 0 root _ _ 7 than than ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 8 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 9 African African ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 elephant elephant NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 12 with with ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 hair hair NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 16 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 ears ear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 conj _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 19 curly curly ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod _ _ 20 tusks tusk NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 conj _ _ 21 : : PUNCT : _ 23 punct _ _ 22 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 23 ears ear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nsubj _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 25 thick thick ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 fur fur NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 conj _ _ 27 keep keep VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 28 heat heat NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 29 in in ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=27:compound:prt|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 31 just just ADV RB _ 38 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=32:advmod 32 as as SCONJ IN _ 38 mark _ _ 33 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 34 woolly woolly ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 35 amod _ _ 35 hat hat NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 nsubj _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 37 earmuffs earmuff NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 conj _ _ 38 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 advcl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=27:advcl|HaikuPos=VERB:VBP:Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 39 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | Woolly mammoths | | | | | than a African elephant; with long hair and small ears and curly tusks; a bit *obl:unmarked*; small *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **keep** | present | small ears and thick fur | heat | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heat=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants/0/) - next →: [Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants/)