--- title: Megatherium was a ground sloth as big as an elephant in South Americ… — Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre-tooths, g… · tree and pragmatics description: Megatherium was a ground sloth as big as an elephant in South America; it stood on its hind legs to reach leaves with its long claws and died out about 10,000 years ago. Who acts: Megatherium, elephant. A sentence of the lesson «Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre-tooths, ground sloths and woolly --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants/) / 11 # Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre-tooths, ground sloths and woolly rhinos, sentence 11 Megatherium was a ground sloth as big as an elephant in South America; it stood on its hind legs to reach leaves with its long claws and died out about 10,000 years ago. **Who acts:** Megatherium, elephant · **What happens:** be, stand, reach, die out · **To what, where:** ground sloth, South America, hind legs, leaves This is a sentence of the lesson «Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre-tooths, ground sloths and woolly rhinos» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Megatherium, elephant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants.lesson:11 # text = Megatherium was a ground sloth as big as an elephant in South America; it stood on its hind legs to reach leaves with its long claws and died out about 10,000 years ago. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Megatherium Megatherium PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 2 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 compound _ _ 5 sloth sloth NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 6 as as ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 7 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 8 as as ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 elephant elephant NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 11 in in ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 South South PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 compound _ _ 13 America America PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 14 ; ; PUNCT : _ 16 punct _ _ 15 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 16 stood stand VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:conj 17 on on ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 18 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ _ 19 hind hind ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod _ _ 20 legs leg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obl _ _ 21 to to PART TO _ 22 mark _ _ 22 reach reach VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 advcl _ _ 23 leaves leaf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obj _ _ 24 with with ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 25 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ _ 26 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 claws claw NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obl _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 29 died die VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 conj _ _ 30 out out ADP RP _ 29 compound:prt _ _ 31 about about ADV RB _ 32 advmod _ _ 32 10,000 10000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 33 nummod _ _ 33 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 obl:unmarked _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=29:obl:unmarked 34 ago ago ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | past | Megatherium | a ground sloth | | South America | | | tree rules | | 2 | **stand** | past | elephant | | | elephant's hind legs | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on leg=Location | | 3 | **reach** | to-infinitive | elephant *not said here* | leaves | | | | with elephant's long claws | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent leaf=Theme | | 4 | **die out** | past | elephant *not said here* | | | | | ago *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants/10/) - next →: [Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants/)